Effects of Endophytic Fungal Extract on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Aerides houlletiana Rchb.f. (Orchidaceae) In Vitro
Abstract
This research was purposed to isolate endophytic fungi from Aerides houlletiana Rchb.f. and to increase seed germination and seedling growth of this orchid by fungal. The results revealed that 19 fungal isolates were isolated and found ability to produce indoleacetic acid (IAA) content in range of 0.78-41.04 µg/mL. Three highest levels of IAA content were isolates 10, 14 and 03 respectively, and were further extracted secondary metabolites from culture broth and analyzed for the effect on seed germination and growth of the orchid. Fungal isolate 14 at 10 mg/L showed high percentages of seed germination and significant different (p < 0.05) compared with control. Growth of seedling exhibited that medium supplemented with 10 mg/L of fungal isolate 10 presented the highest leaf length and significant different compared with all treatments. Each fungal isolates were identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS): ITS 1 and ITS4 regions. It indicated that the fungal isolate 10 was Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (100% identity). Whilst, fungal isolate 03 and 14 were Lasiodiplodia theobromae (100% identity). Keywords : Aerides houlletiana Rchb.f. ; indoleacetic acid ; isolation, identificationReferences
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Chomchoei, A. (2016). Effects of Endophytic Fungal on Seed Germination and Growth Promoting of Jasmine Rice. The 7 th NEU National and International Conference. (2904-2917). Bangkok: SuanSunandha University. (in Thai)
Chutima, R. & Lumyong, S. (2012). Production of indole-3-acetic acid by Thai native orchid-associated fungi. Symbiosis, 56, 35-44.
Dearnaley, J.D.W., (2006). The fungal endophytes of Erythrorchis cassythoides - is this orchid saprophytic or parasitic. Australas Mycol, 25, 51-57.
Deepthi A. S. & Ray J. G. (2019). Applications of endophytic-fungal-isolates from velamen root of wild orchids in floriculture. Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(14), 577-589.
Gebauer, G., & Meyer, M. (2003). N-15 and C-13 natural abundance of autotrophic and myco-heterotrophic orchids provides insight into nitrogen and carbon gain from fungal association. New Phytol, 160, 209-223.
Houngtongkam, J., Ratanasuk, S., & Promwong, R. (2017). In Vitro Seed Germination and Regeneration of
Rhynchostylis coelestis Rchb.f. Koch Cha Sarn Journal of Science, 39(1), 1-12. (in Thai)
Jansang, P., Palasarn, W., Plodsomboon, S., Sutthikhampa, S., & Pimmongkol, A. (2017). Influence of sucrose and supplement no in vitro seedling growth of Bulbophyllum putidum. North Eastern Science and Technology Conference. (pp 1-7). Ubon Ratchathani: Ubon Ratchathani University. (in Thai)
Kim, J.W. & Shim, S.H. (2019). The fungus Colletotrichum as a source for bioactive secondary metabolites. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 42, 735-753.
Ma, X., Nontachaiyapoom, S., Jayawardena, R.S., Hyde K. D., Gentekaki, E., Zhou, S., Qian, Y., Wen, T., &
Kang, J. (2018). Endophytic Colletotrichum species from Dendrobium spp. in China and Northern Thailand. MycoKeys. 43, 23-57.
Maor R., Haskin, S., Levi-Kedmi, H. & Sharon, A. (2004). In Planta Production of Indole-3-Acetic Acid by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(3), 1852-1854.
Nieto-Jacobo, F., Steyaert, J. M., Salazar-Badillo, F. B., Nguyen, D. V., Rostás, M., Braithwaite M., De Souza, J.T., Juan F. Bremont J., Ohkura, M., Stewart, A. & Mendoza-Mendoza, A. (2017). Environmental Growth Conditions of Trichoderma spp. Affects Indole Acetic Acid Derivatives, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Plant Growth Promotion. Frontiers in Plant science, 8, 1-18.
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O'Donnell, K. & Cigelnik, E. (1997). Two Divergent Intragenomic rDNA ITS2 Types within a Monophyletic Lineage of the Fungus Fusarium Are Nonorthologous. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 7(1), 103-116
Pyati, A.N. (2019). In vitro Seed Germination, Protocorm Formation and Plantlet Regeneration in Aerides ringens Fisher. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech, 29(1), 49-62.
Rasmussen, H.N. (1995). Terrestrial orchids: From seed to mycotrophic plant. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 433.
Rasmussen, H.N. (2002). Recent developments in the study of orchid mycorrhiza. Plant Soil, 244, 149-163.
Salvatore, M. M., Andolfi, A. & Nicoletti, R. (2020). The Thin Line between Pathogenicity and Endophytism: The Case of Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Agriculture 2020, 10(488), 1-22.
Shah S., Shrestha R., Maharjan S., Selosse M.A. and Pant B. (2018). Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Fungi from the Roots of Dendrobium moniliforme. Plants 8(5), 1-11.
Sitthisatchatham, S. (2015). Orchid guide. Bangkok: Sarakadee press. (in Thai)
Songprasert, J. (2016). Beautiful life and Thai Orchids. Chiangmai: Sangsilp. (in Thai)
Udomsilp, A., (2015). Conservation Plants in CITES List: Orchids in the eastern forest part 2. Bangkok: Printing Agricultural Cooperative Federation of Thailand. (in Thai)
Yam, T. & Arditti J. (2009). History of orchid propagation: a mirror of the history of biotechnology. Plant Biotechnol. 3, 1-56.
White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: PCR Protocols: a guide to methods and applications. New York: Academic Press.
Zettler, L.W., Sharma, J. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2003). Mycorrhizal Diversity. In Orchid conservation, 205-226.
Chand, K., Shah, S., Sharma, J., Paudel, M.R., & Pant, B. (2020). Isolation, characterization, and plant growth- promoting activities of endophytic fungi from a wild orchid Vanda cristata. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 15(5),1-8.
Chomchoei, A. (2016). Effects of Endophytic Fungal on Seed Germination and Growth Promoting of Jasmine Rice. The 7 th NEU National and International Conference. (2904-2917). Bangkok: SuanSunandha University. (in Thai)
Chutima, R. & Lumyong, S. (2012). Production of indole-3-acetic acid by Thai native orchid-associated fungi. Symbiosis, 56, 35-44.
Dearnaley, J.D.W., (2006). The fungal endophytes of Erythrorchis cassythoides - is this orchid saprophytic or parasitic. Australas Mycol, 25, 51-57.
Deepthi A. S. & Ray J. G. (2019). Applications of endophytic-fungal-isolates from velamen root of wild orchids in floriculture. Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(14), 577-589.
Gebauer, G., & Meyer, M. (2003). N-15 and C-13 natural abundance of autotrophic and myco-heterotrophic orchids provides insight into nitrogen and carbon gain from fungal association. New Phytol, 160, 209-223.
Houngtongkam, J., Ratanasuk, S., & Promwong, R. (2017). In Vitro Seed Germination and Regeneration of
Rhynchostylis coelestis Rchb.f. Koch Cha Sarn Journal of Science, 39(1), 1-12. (in Thai)
Jansang, P., Palasarn, W., Plodsomboon, S., Sutthikhampa, S., & Pimmongkol, A. (2017). Influence of sucrose and supplement no in vitro seedling growth of Bulbophyllum putidum. North Eastern Science and Technology Conference. (pp 1-7). Ubon Ratchathani: Ubon Ratchathani University. (in Thai)
Kim, J.W. & Shim, S.H. (2019). The fungus Colletotrichum as a source for bioactive secondary metabolites. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 42, 735-753.
Ma, X., Nontachaiyapoom, S., Jayawardena, R.S., Hyde K. D., Gentekaki, E., Zhou, S., Qian, Y., Wen, T., &
Kang, J. (2018). Endophytic Colletotrichum species from Dendrobium spp. in China and Northern Thailand. MycoKeys. 43, 23-57.
Maor R., Haskin, S., Levi-Kedmi, H. & Sharon, A. (2004). In Planta Production of Indole-3-Acetic Acid by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(3), 1852-1854.
Nieto-Jacobo, F., Steyaert, J. M., Salazar-Badillo, F. B., Nguyen, D. V., Rostás, M., Braithwaite M., De Souza, J.T., Juan F. Bremont J., Ohkura, M., Stewart, A. & Mendoza-Mendoza, A. (2017). Environmental Growth Conditions of Trichoderma spp. Affects Indole Acetic Acid Derivatives, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Plant Growth Promotion. Frontiers in Plant science, 8, 1-18.
Nongdam, P. and Tikendra L. (2014). Establishment of an Efficient In Vitro Regeneration Protocol for Rapid and Mass Propagation of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. Using Seed Culture. The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 1-8.
O'Donnell, K. & Cigelnik, E. (1997). Two Divergent Intragenomic rDNA ITS2 Types within a Monophyletic Lineage of the Fungus Fusarium Are Nonorthologous. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 7(1), 103-116
Pyati, A.N. (2019). In vitro Seed Germination, Protocorm Formation and Plantlet Regeneration in Aerides ringens Fisher. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech, 29(1), 49-62.
Rasmussen, H.N. (1995). Terrestrial orchids: From seed to mycotrophic plant. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 433.
Rasmussen, H.N. (2002). Recent developments in the study of orchid mycorrhiza. Plant Soil, 244, 149-163.
Salvatore, M. M., Andolfi, A. & Nicoletti, R. (2020). The Thin Line between Pathogenicity and Endophytism: The Case of Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Agriculture 2020, 10(488), 1-22.
Shah S., Shrestha R., Maharjan S., Selosse M.A. and Pant B. (2018). Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Fungi from the Roots of Dendrobium moniliforme. Plants 8(5), 1-11.
Sitthisatchatham, S. (2015). Orchid guide. Bangkok: Sarakadee press. (in Thai)
Songprasert, J. (2016). Beautiful life and Thai Orchids. Chiangmai: Sangsilp. (in Thai)
Udomsilp, A., (2015). Conservation Plants in CITES List: Orchids in the eastern forest part 2. Bangkok: Printing Agricultural Cooperative Federation of Thailand. (in Thai)
Yam, T. & Arditti J. (2009). History of orchid propagation: a mirror of the history of biotechnology. Plant Biotechnol. 3, 1-56.
White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: PCR Protocols: a guide to methods and applications. New York: Academic Press.
Zettler, L.W., Sharma, J. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2003). Mycorrhizal Diversity. In Orchid conservation, 205-226.
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2022-01-18
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