Tsunami Susceptibility Area Assessment in Phuket Province Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information System
Abstract
Phuket, a province located in Andaman coast, was damaged from Tsunami in 2004. Since then, several Phuket coastal areas have been announced to be risky areas from Tsunami. However, data of Tsunami susceptibility areas used in local government offices was not up to date. This research aims to analyse Tsunami susceptibility areas using analytical hierarchy process and geographic information system. Five spatial data, i.e., coastal proximity, slope, landforms, wave barrier and elevation, related to Tsunami susceptibility areas were analyse. Subsequently, the obtained data were compared to the Tsunami data used in local government offices. The obtained data were then correlated to land use data, which were classified into five types, i.e., forest area, agricultural area, water area, residential area and other uses area. The results showed that areas in Phuket Province were mostly Tsunami non-susceptibility areas (280.25 km2). Low, intermediate and high Tsunami susceptibility areas were in a size of 124.40 km2, 77.20 km2 and 46.78 km2, respectively. The analysed data also revealed that all Tsunami damaged areas in 2004 were associated with high Tsunami susceptibility areas. When compared to land use data, residential area was located in high-susceptibility areas, with an area sizes 17.86 km2 (40.40% of high-susceptibility area), whereas forest, water and agricultural area covered 34.61%, 11.94% and 10.43% of the high-susceptibility area, respectivily. Nevertheless, government and related offices can use the analysed data from this research to develop planning management system and disaster prevention and mitigation system. Keyword: Geographic Information System: GIS ; Analytical Hierarchy Process: AHP ; Tsunami ; Land UseReferences
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Chanchaeng, P. (2010). Drought Risk Area Assessment in Kampaengsaen District, Nakhonpathom Province Using Geographic Information System. Thesis, Master of Science National Institute of Development Administration, 1, 4-5. (in Thai)
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Thanarun, S., Amornsanguansin, J. (2010). Application of Geographic Information System for Flood Risk Area Assessment in Angthong Province. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 6(2), 19-34. (in Thai)
Thanasathitkul, J. (2005). Tsunami in Thailand and how to prepare for it in the future. (2). Bangkok: Wichaya. (in Thai)
Thanawut, C., Yongchalermchai, C. (2008). Delineating of Tsunami Hazard Areas in Takua Pa District, Phang Nga Province, using GIS and Remotely Sensed Data. Journal of Remote Sensing and GIS Association of Thailand, 9 (2), 1-8. (In Thai).
Thathong, T., Chaimanee, N. (2005). In coastal areas Phuket and PhangNga Provinces, 5(1), 3. (In Thai).
Wiguna, P.P.K. (2014). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Application for Tsunami Inundation Modeling in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Teknik Informatika: JANAPATI, 3(2), 58-63.
Wongtadam, T. (2016). Assessment of flood hazard areas using Analytical Hierarchy Process over the Lower Yom Basin, Sukhothai province. Academic conference Natural resources Geographic Information and Environment Naresuan, 1, 41-48. (in Thai)
Wunbua, J., Lakjitaro. A., & Madsaman, E. (2014). Application of the system Geographic information for estimating areas prone to landslides in the area of Srinakarin District Phatthalung Province. meeting journal National and International Academic Hat Yai, (5), 2064-2083. (in Thai)
Anucharn, T. (2016). The Application of Geographic Information System to Determine Suitable Areas for Evacuation and Evacuation Site from Inundation Zone: A Case Study in Hat Yai District, Songkhla Province. Burapha Science Journal, 21(3), 1-14. (In Thai)
Aslam, B., Muhammad, J., Muhammad, Z. I., Gulraiz, A., & Quaid, I. A. (2017). GIS mapping of tsunami susceptibility: case study of the Karachi City in Sindh. Pakistan. J Geogr Nat Disast, 7(187), 2167-0587.
Boonsorn, J. (2017). An Analysis of flood risk: A case study Huai Mae ThaPhae Srisatchanalai, Sukhothai Province. Academic conference Natural resources Geographic Information and Environment Naresuan, 1, 1-2. (in Thai)
Buatama, K. (2021). Analysis of landslide risk areas using Geographic Information System, Mae Sot District, Tak Province. Continuation report of the National Academic Conference for students Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University, 1, 573-575. (in Thai)
Chanchaeng, P. (2010). Drought Risk Area Assessment in Kampaengsaen District, Nakhonpathom Province Using Geographic Information System. Thesis, Master of Science National Institute of Development Administration, 1, 4-5. (in Thai)
Chanchum, T. (2014). Application of geographic information system to assess landslide risk areas. Yala Province, 66-68. (in Thai)
Garson, M.S., Young, B., Mitchell, A.H.G., Tait, B.A.R. (1975). The geology of the tin belt in Peninsular Thailand around Phuket, Phangnga and Takua Pa. Overseas Memoir No.1, Natural Environment Research Council, Institute of Geological Sciences, LONDON: HMSO.
Inplaeng, M. (2017). GIS Application Diagnose Drought Risk Area and Agro-ecological Mapping in Middle Yom River, Song District, Phrae Province. Academic conference Natural resources Geographic Information and Environment Naresuan, 1, 84-85. (in Thai)
Jirakajonhkool, S. Klawwikarn, P. and Oumkratum, S. (2012). Geo-Informatics for landslide risk zone assessment in Wang Sa Pung Amphoe, Loei Province. Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 1(3), 197-210. (in Thai).
Jirakajornkul, S. (2012). Geo-Informatics geographic information systems landslide hazard zone normalized difference vegetation index analysis hierarchy proc. Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 1(3), 197–210. (in Thai)
Jitthorn, N., & Kaewdee, P. (2015). Analysis of mudslide disaster areas in Nam Phai Sub-district Nam Pat District, Uttaradit Province Department of Natural Resources and Environment Faculty of Agriculture natural resources and environment Naresuan University, 1,1-2. (in Thai)
Khiaosalap, P., & Tongdenok, P. (2015). Assessment of landslide hazard applying techniques weighted factor index method and geographic information system in huaimaesaroi watershed, Phrae province. In 53. Kasetsart University Annual Conference, Bangkok (Thailand), 3-6 Feb 2015. (in Thai)
Marfai, M. A., Khakim, N., Fatchurohman, H., Cahyadi, A., Wibowo, Y. A., & Rosaji, F. S. C. (2019). Tsunami hazard mapping and loss estimation using geographic information system in Drini Beach, Gunungkidul Coastal Area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 76, p. 03010). EDP Sciences.
Meeching, K., Thongkungand, S. & Suteerasak, T., 2019, Application of Geographic Information System Data for Flood Susceptibility Area and Catchment Area Assessment: A Case Study the Southern Area of SuphanBuri Province. The Journal of KMUTNB, 29 (3), 372-387. (in Thai)
Noichaisin, L. (2016) Application of GIS on Flood Risk Area Assessment in Sa Kaeo Province, Burapha Science Journal, 2(1), 1, pp. 51-63, 2016. (In Thai).
Ponpetch, K. (2010). Geographic information system for prevention and control planning of dengue haemorrhangic fever in Phetchaburi province. Thesis Master’s degree Environment Science. 1, 3-5. (in Thai)
Ruangthong, W., Plodpai. P., & Wimonsong, P. (2020). Assessment of drought risk areas in Sisaket Province. Academic Journal for Spatial Innovation Development, 1(2), 24-25. (in Thai)
Saaty, T.L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Sinaga, T., Nugroho, A., Wonlee, Y., & Suh, Y. (2011). GIS Mapping of Tsunami Vulnerability: Case Study of the Jembrana Regency in Bali, Indonesia. Journal of Civil Engineering, 15(3), 537-543.
Sorawisut, A. (2016). Multi - Criteria decision making concepts and methods comparison between SAW AHP and TOPSIS. Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal, 8(2), 180–192. (In Thai)
Thanarun, S., Amornsanguansin, J. (2010). Application of Geographic Information System for Flood Risk Area Assessment in Angthong Province. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 6(2), 19-34. (in Thai)
Thanasathitkul, J. (2005). Tsunami in Thailand and how to prepare for it in the future. (2). Bangkok: Wichaya. (in Thai)
Thanawut, C., Yongchalermchai, C. (2008). Delineating of Tsunami Hazard Areas in Takua Pa District, Phang Nga Province, using GIS and Remotely Sensed Data. Journal of Remote Sensing and GIS Association of Thailand, 9 (2), 1-8. (In Thai).
Thathong, T., Chaimanee, N. (2005). In coastal areas Phuket and PhangNga Provinces, 5(1), 3. (In Thai).
Wiguna, P.P.K. (2014). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Application for Tsunami Inundation Modeling in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Teknik Informatika: JANAPATI, 3(2), 58-63.
Wongtadam, T. (2016). Assessment of flood hazard areas using Analytical Hierarchy Process over the Lower Yom Basin, Sukhothai province. Academic conference Natural resources Geographic Information and Environment Naresuan, 1, 41-48. (in Thai)
Wunbua, J., Lakjitaro. A., & Madsaman, E. (2014). Application of the system Geographic information for estimating areas prone to landslides in the area of Srinakarin District Phatthalung Province. meeting journal National and International Academic Hat Yai, (5), 2064-2083. (in Thai)
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2023-05-11
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