Effect of Seed Coating with Plant Nutrients Substance on Germination, Seedling Growth and Longevity of Wheat Seeds
Abstract
Wheat is an important cash crop that is high nutritional, dietary fiber, antioxidants and health-conscious consumer needs. However, in the process of wheat seed production, wheat seeds were susceptible to poor germination and low vigour. The objectives of this experiment are to find suitable plant nutrient types and concentration for coating wheat seeds and to monitor changes in the quality and shelf life of wheat seeds. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 repetitions was used as an experimental design. The results were as follows: (1) For the first phase of the experiment, seeds coated with 0.7 g of ZnSO4, 0.3 g of KH2PO4, 0.7 g of NH4NO3, and 0.5 g of CaCl2 showed better germination and seedling growth than those coated with other methods when compared to non-coated seeds. (2) For the second phase of the experiment, the results from the first phase were stored in different environmental conditions, to test germination and growth after 6 months of storagebบทคัดย่อำผคำสำคัั้นข้าวสาลีแล้วจำเปแล่. As for the results of the experiment in the second phase, throughout the 4 months of the shelf life of seeds in both controlled and ambient conditions, it was found that seeds coated with all methods had the same germination rate and speed of germination compared to the non-coated seeds. Nevertheless, after 6 months of storage, all seeds coated with plant nutrients in all experimental groups showed a higher germination rate and speed of germination than non-coated seeds when examined in a laboratory condition. As for the experiment in the greenhouse condition, it was found that throughout the 6 months of seed storage under ambient conditions, coated seeds with all experimental methods had the same germination rate and speed of germination as non-coated seeds. However, when examining the seeds stored under the controlled condition, it was found that seeds coated with 0.5 and 0.7 g of NH4NO3 after both 4 and 6 months of storage had a higher germination rate and speed of germination than non-coated seeds. Therefore, 0.5 and 0.7 g of NH4NO3 were the recommended plant nutrient types and concentration for improvement of seed quality of wheat. Keywords : wheat seeds ; seed coating ; seed priming ; plant nutrientReferences
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Henning, A.A. (1990). Polymeric Coatings Improve the Storage Life of Soybean Seeds. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Florida.
Hwang, W.D., & Sung, F.J.M. (1991). Prevention of soaking injury in edible soybean seeds by ethyl cellulose coating. Seed Science and Technology, 19, 269-378.
Indra, N., & Gayathri, S. (2003). Management of black gram root rot by Macrophomia phaseolina by antagonistic microorganism. Madras Agricultural Journal, 90(7-9), 490-494.
ISTA. (2018). International Rules for Seed Testing, Edition 2018. Bassersdorf: International Seed Testing Association.
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Klarod, K., Dongsansuk, A., Piepho, H.-P., & Siri, B. (2021). Seed coating with plant nutrients enhances germination and seedling growth, and promotes total dehydrogenase activity during seed germination in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Seed Science and Technology, 49(2), 107-124.
Lu, X-P., & Yong-fu, B. (2005). Influences of primed and pelleted flue-cured tobacco seeds on the growth of tobacco seedlings produced by float system. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University, (Natural Sciences), 4, 388-391.
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Szczerba, A., Agnieszka, P., Pastuszak J., Kopeć, P., Hornyák, M., & F. Dubert, F. (2021). Effect of low temperature on germination, growth, and seed yield of four soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars. Agronomy, 11(4), 800.
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Vera-Sirera, F., Gomez, M.D., & Perez-Amador, M.A. (2016). Plant transcription factors. In D. H. Gonzalez (Ed.), DELLA Proteins, a Group of GRAS Transcription Regulators that Mediate Gibberellin Signaling. (pp. 313-328). London: Academic Press.
Wang, X.R., Gao, J.H., Zhang, C.H., Liao, H., & Yan, X.L. (2009). Effects of seed coating and P application on tobacco growth and nutrient accumulation (Abstract). Journal of South China Agricultural University. Retrieved January 30, 2009, from https://bit.ly/3L3wipx.
Wetchakama, N., & Khaengkhan, P. (2018). Improvement of seed qualities with seed priming techniques. Prawarun Agricultural Journal. 15(1), 17-30. (in Thai).
Yang, W. (2018). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on growth and seed germination of (Capsella bursa-pastoris L.) medikus. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 41(5), 636-644.
Benjawan, L. (2010). Ricegrass Juice Contained of High Nutritional Value. Retrieved January 30, 2022, from https://bit.ly/3GfGDel. (in Thai).
Bewley, J.D., Bradford, K.J., Hilhorst, H.W.M., & Nonogaki, H. (2013). Seeds Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy. 3th Edition. New York: Springer.
Chaimongkol, O., Sompamitra, C., Sawadeemit, C., Vearasilp, S., & Thanapornpoonpong, S. (2011). Effect of seed coating mixtures of urea and polyethylene glycol on the quality of sweet corn seedling. Agricultural Science Journal, 42(Suppl. 3), 385-388. (in Thai).
Chanitra, P., Photchanachai, S., Uthairatanakij, A., & Rithichai, P. (2010). Effect of seed priming on quality of cucumber seed. Agricultural Science Journal, 41(Suppl. 3/1), 405-408. (in Thai).
Davies, P.J. (2010). Plant Hormones: Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Action. 3rd Edition, New York: Springer-Verlag.
Henning, A.A. (1990). Polymeric Coatings Improve the Storage Life of Soybean Seeds. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Florida.
Hwang, W.D., & Sung, F.J.M. (1991). Prevention of soaking injury in edible soybean seeds by ethyl cellulose coating. Seed Science and Technology, 19, 269-378.
Indra, N., & Gayathri, S. (2003). Management of black gram root rot by Macrophomia phaseolina by antagonistic microorganism. Madras Agricultural Journal, 90(7-9), 490-494.
ISTA. (2018). International Rules for Seed Testing, Edition 2018. Bassersdorf: International Seed Testing Association.
Kangsopa, J. (2020). Seed coating with plant nutrients on seed germination and seedling vigour. King. Mongkut's Agricultural Journal, 38(3), 417-425. (in Thai).
Klarod, K., Dongsansuk, A., Piepho, H.-P., & Siri, B. (2021). Seed coating with plant nutrients enhances germination and seedling growth, and promotes total dehydrogenase activity during seed germination in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Seed Science and Technology, 49(2), 107-124.
Lu, X-P., & Yong-fu, B. (2005). Influences of primed and pelleted flue-cured tobacco seeds on the growth of tobacco seedlings produced by float system. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University, (Natural Sciences), 4, 388-391.
Osuna, D., Prieto, P., & Aguilar, M. (2015). Control of seed germination and plant development by carbon and nitrogen availability. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 1-14.
Rathod, T. H., & S.D. Jadhao. (2006). Effect of seed pelleting on growth, yield and morphological parameters in soybean (Glycine max L.). Asian Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(2), 60-63.
Ritmanee, T. (1983). Tobacco. Bangkok: Krung Siam Printing. (in Thai).
Scott, J.M., & Blair, G.L. (1988). Phosphorus seed coatings for pasture species. I. Effect of source and rate of phosphorus on emergence and early growth of phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). Australian Journal of Agriculture Research, 39(3), 447-455.
Siri, B., Keawklang, P., & Woraphandhammakul, W. (2012). Effect of seed coating with plant nutrients on hybrid tomato seed quality. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 40(Suppl.), 171–176. (in Thai).
Siri, B. (2015). Seed Conditioning and Seed Enhancements. Khon Kaen: Klungnanawitthaya Press. (in Thai).
Sun, T.P. (2011). The molecular mechanism and evolution of the GA-GIDI-DELLA signaling module in plant. Current Biology, 21, 338 - 345.
Szczerba, A., Agnieszka, P., Pastuszak J., Kopeć, P., Hornyák, M., & F. Dubert, F. (2021). Effect of low temperature on germination, growth, and seed yield of four soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars. Agronomy, 11(4), 800.
Taylor, A.G., & Harman, G.E. (1990) Concepts and technologies of selected seed treatments. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 28, 321-339.
Tongpamnak, P., Thongdonae, W., Prasipsongneon, P., & Sankaha, K. (1997). Seed coating and pelleting and its application. Annual Research Report, Research Grants in 1997. Research and development institute, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus. (in Thai).
Vera-Sirera, F., Gomez, M.D., & Perez-Amador, M.A. (2016). Plant transcription factors. In D. H. Gonzalez (Ed.), DELLA Proteins, a Group of GRAS Transcription Regulators that Mediate Gibberellin Signaling. (pp. 313-328). London: Academic Press.
Wang, X.R., Gao, J.H., Zhang, C.H., Liao, H., & Yan, X.L. (2009). Effects of seed coating and P application on tobacco growth and nutrient accumulation (Abstract). Journal of South China Agricultural University. Retrieved January 30, 2009, from https://bit.ly/3L3wipx.
Wetchakama, N., & Khaengkhan, P. (2018). Improvement of seed qualities with seed priming techniques. Prawarun Agricultural Journal. 15(1), 17-30. (in Thai).
Yang, W. (2018). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on growth and seed germination of (Capsella bursa-pastoris L.) medikus. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 41(5), 636-644.
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2023-01-04
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