Effects of Phosphate and IAA of Burkholderia sp. and Enterobacter sp. on Seed Quality of Khao Dawk Mali 105 after Soaking Method
Abstract
Rice has been considered as a major crop in Thailand, which is among the top three rice exporters of the world. Nevertheless, rice seeds used for cultivation usually have low germination rate and grow into unhealthy seedlings. Generally, farmers use various chemical fertilizers with rice seedlings to accelerate their growth and to increase their yields. Thus, cumulative use of chemical fertilizer results in soil deterioration. The utilization of microorganism for agricultural purposes was applied since some particular groups of microorganism have properties which help to promote plant growth. The objective of this experiment was study the phosphate and IAA production of Burkholderia sp. and Enterobacter sp. and changes in seed quality of Khao Dawk Mali 105. The current experiment was conducted at Seed Technology Laboratory and Biotechnology Laboratory, Field Crop Program, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University. 2x3 Factorial in Completely Randomized Design is used as the experimental design and there were two control factors: first, “factor A”, which included the use of two genus of bacteria i.e., Burkholderia sp. and Enterobacter sp. and second, “factor B”, which included the use of three levels of bacteria concentration, 1x109, 1x108 and 1x107 CFU/mL to soak rice seeds. The experimental results showed that both families of bacteria had a capability to produce IAA and to dissolve phosphate. Nevertheless, soaking rice seeds with different levels of bacteria concentration did not bring about differences in germination, vigor, and growth of the seedlings when tested in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions. However, when tested in a laboratory condition, it was found that soaking rice seeds with Burkholderia sp. and Enterobacter sp. can result in higher speed of radicle emergence, speed of germination, and better mean germination time when compared to unsoaked seeds. When tested in a greenhouse condition, it was found that both families of bacteria had the ability to help increase seedlings’ cotyledon emergence percentage, speed of cotyledon emergence as well as mean germination time when compared to unsoaked seeds. Keywords : seed quality ; organic seed enhancement ; seed coating ; biological microorganismReferences
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Blaha, D., Combaret, C.P., Mirza, M.S., & Loccoz, Y.M. (2006). Phylogeny of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase-encoding gene acdS in phytobeneficial and pathogenic proteobacteria and relation with strain biogeography. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 56(3), 455–470.
Bradford, K.J. (1986). Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions. Horticultural Science, 21(5), 1105-1112.
Caballero-Mellado, J., Martínez-Aguilar, L., Paredes-Valdez, G., & Estrada-de los Santos, P. (2004). Burkholderia unamae sp. nov., an N2-fixing rhizospheric and endophytic species. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 54, 1165– 1172.
Ellis, R.H., & Roberts, E.H. (1980). Improved equations for the prediction of seed longevity. Annals of Botany, 45(1), 13-30.
Estrada-de los Santos, P., Vinuesa, P., Martínez-Aguilar, L., Hirsh, A.M. & Caballero-Mellado, J. (2013). Phylogenetic analysis of Burkholderia species by multilocus sequence analysis. Current Microbiology, 67, 51– 60.
Glick, B.R. (2012). Plant growth-promoting bacteria: mechanisms and applications. Scientifica, Article ID 963401.
Glick, B.R., Cheng, Z., Czarny, J., & Duan, J. (2007). Promotion of plant growth by ACC deaminase-producing soil bacteria. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 119, 329-339.
Guo, J., Tang, S., Ju, X., Ding, Y., Liao, S., & Song, N. (2011). Effects of inoculation of a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium burkholderia sp. D54 on plant growth and metal uptake by a hyperaccumulator sedum alfredii Hance grown on multiple metal contaminated soil. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27, 2835–2844.
ISTA. (2018). International Rules for Seed Testing, Edition 2018. Bassersdorf: International Seed Testing Association.
Jha, C.K., Aeron, A., Patel, B.V., Maheshwari, D.K., & Saraf, M. (2011). Enterobacter: Role in plant growth promotion. In A. Aeron, & D.K. Maheshwari. (Ed.), Department of Botany and Microbiology.
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Jomkhame, S., & Atnaseo, C. (2021). Effectiveness of PGPB from different origins on enhancing germination and seedling growth of Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML105. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 48(Suppl.1),
1011-1017. (in Thai)
Jones, K.W., & Sanders, D. (1987). The influence of soaking pepper seed in water or potassium salt solutions on germination at three temperatures. Journal of Seed Technology, 11(1), 97-102.
Khalid, A., Arshad, M., & Zahir, Z.A. (2004). Screening plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for improving growth and yield of wheat. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 96(3), 473–480.
Leveau, H.J., & Lindow, S.E. (2005). Utilization of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid for growth by pseudomonas putida strain 1290. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 71(5), 2365–2371.
Malhotra, M., & Srivastava, S. (2009). Stress-responsive indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis by Azospirillum brasilense SM and its ability to modulate plant growth. European Journal of Soil Biology, 45, 73–80.
Naenfaen, S. (2019). Effect of Nano-Bubble Hydropriming on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of French Marigold. Bangkok: Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Nailwal, S., Anwar, M.S., Budhani, K.K., Verma, A., & Nailwal, T.K. (2014). Burkholderia sp. from rhizosphere of rhododendron arboretum: Isolation, identification and plant growth promotory (PGP) activities. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 6(2), 473-479.
Naveed, M., Mitter, B., Reichenauer, T.G., Wieczorek, K., & Sessitsch, A. (2014). Increased drought stress resilience of maize through endophytic colonization by Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN and Enterobacter sp. FD17. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 97, 30–39.
Ouyabe, M., Irie, K., Tanaka, N., Kikuno, H., Pachakkil, B., & Shiwachi, H. (2020). Response of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) inoculated with non‐native plant growth‐promoting bacteria. Agronomy, 10(6), 903-922.
Panya, K., Insalud, N. & Lumyong, S. (2017). Effect of the utilization of P solubilizing bacterial on rice growth
promotion under aerobic condition. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 45(Suppl.1), 1093-1098. (in Thai)
Patten, C.L., & Glick, B.R. (1996). Bacterial biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 42(3), 207–220.
Pidnoi, A., & Shutsrirung, A. (2019). Screening and efficiency assessment of rhizobacteria for growth enhancement of rice seedlings. Journal of Agriculture, 35(3), 461-473.
Rodríguez, A.H., Pérez, M.H., Diallo, B., Jaziri, M.E., & Vandeputte, O.M. (2010). Cell-free culture medium of Burkholderia cepacia improves seed germination and seedling growth in maize (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa). Plant Growth Regul, 60, 191–197.
Saengsanga, T. (2018). Isolation and characterization of indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and their effects on growth at the early stage of Thai jasmine rice (Oryza sativa L. KDML 105). Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43, 3359-3369.
Sarron, E., Cle´ment, N., Pawlicki-Jullian, N., Gaillard, I., & Boitel-Conti, M. (2018). Stimulating effects of two plant growth-promoting bacteria, Enterobacter ludwigii Ez-185-17 and Raoultella terrigena Ez-555-6, on flax culture. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2018, 1954. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5033380.
Thai Customs. (2021). Statistic Report. Retrieved March 3, 2021, from https://bit.ly/34MciUI. (in Thai)
Yang, O., Li, C., Li, H., Li, Y., & Yu, N. (2009). Degradation of synthetic reactive azo dyes and treatment of textile wastewater by a fungi consortium reactor. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 43(3), 225-230.
Blaha, D., Combaret, C.P., Mirza, M.S., & Loccoz, Y.M. (2006). Phylogeny of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase-encoding gene acdS in phytobeneficial and pathogenic proteobacteria and relation with strain biogeography. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 56(3), 455–470.
Bradford, K.J. (1986). Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions. Horticultural Science, 21(5), 1105-1112.
Caballero-Mellado, J., Martínez-Aguilar, L., Paredes-Valdez, G., & Estrada-de los Santos, P. (2004). Burkholderia unamae sp. nov., an N2-fixing rhizospheric and endophytic species. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 54, 1165– 1172.
Ellis, R.H., & Roberts, E.H. (1980). Improved equations for the prediction of seed longevity. Annals of Botany, 45(1), 13-30.
Estrada-de los Santos, P., Vinuesa, P., Martínez-Aguilar, L., Hirsh, A.M. & Caballero-Mellado, J. (2013). Phylogenetic analysis of Burkholderia species by multilocus sequence analysis. Current Microbiology, 67, 51– 60.
Glick, B.R. (2012). Plant growth-promoting bacteria: mechanisms and applications. Scientifica, Article ID 963401.
Glick, B.R., Cheng, Z., Czarny, J., & Duan, J. (2007). Promotion of plant growth by ACC deaminase-producing soil bacteria. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 119, 329-339.
Guo, J., Tang, S., Ju, X., Ding, Y., Liao, S., & Song, N. (2011). Effects of inoculation of a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium burkholderia sp. D54 on plant growth and metal uptake by a hyperaccumulator sedum alfredii Hance grown on multiple metal contaminated soil. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27, 2835–2844.
ISTA. (2018). International Rules for Seed Testing, Edition 2018. Bassersdorf: International Seed Testing Association.
Jha, C.K., Aeron, A., Patel, B.V., Maheshwari, D.K., & Saraf, M. (2011). Enterobacter: Role in plant growth promotion. In A. Aeron, & D.K. Maheshwari. (Ed.), Department of Botany and Microbiology.
(pp. 159-182). Uttarakhand, India: Faculty of Life Sciences, Gurukul Kangri University.
Jomkhame, S., & Atnaseo, C. (2021). Effectiveness of PGPB from different origins on enhancing germination and seedling growth of Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML105. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 48(Suppl.1),
1011-1017. (in Thai)
Jones, K.W., & Sanders, D. (1987). The influence of soaking pepper seed in water or potassium salt solutions on germination at three temperatures. Journal of Seed Technology, 11(1), 97-102.
Khalid, A., Arshad, M., & Zahir, Z.A. (2004). Screening plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for improving growth and yield of wheat. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 96(3), 473–480.
Leveau, H.J., & Lindow, S.E. (2005). Utilization of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid for growth by pseudomonas putida strain 1290. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 71(5), 2365–2371.
Malhotra, M., & Srivastava, S. (2009). Stress-responsive indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis by Azospirillum brasilense SM and its ability to modulate plant growth. European Journal of Soil Biology, 45, 73–80.
Naenfaen, S. (2019). Effect of Nano-Bubble Hydropriming on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of French Marigold. Bangkok: Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Nailwal, S., Anwar, M.S., Budhani, K.K., Verma, A., & Nailwal, T.K. (2014). Burkholderia sp. from rhizosphere of rhododendron arboretum: Isolation, identification and plant growth promotory (PGP) activities. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 6(2), 473-479.
Naveed, M., Mitter, B., Reichenauer, T.G., Wieczorek, K., & Sessitsch, A. (2014). Increased drought stress resilience of maize through endophytic colonization by Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN and Enterobacter sp. FD17. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 97, 30–39.
Ouyabe, M., Irie, K., Tanaka, N., Kikuno, H., Pachakkil, B., & Shiwachi, H. (2020). Response of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) inoculated with non‐native plant growth‐promoting bacteria. Agronomy, 10(6), 903-922.
Panya, K., Insalud, N. & Lumyong, S. (2017). Effect of the utilization of P solubilizing bacterial on rice growth
promotion under aerobic condition. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 45(Suppl.1), 1093-1098. (in Thai)
Patten, C.L., & Glick, B.R. (1996). Bacterial biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 42(3), 207–220.
Pidnoi, A., & Shutsrirung, A. (2019). Screening and efficiency assessment of rhizobacteria for growth enhancement of rice seedlings. Journal of Agriculture, 35(3), 461-473.
Rodríguez, A.H., Pérez, M.H., Diallo, B., Jaziri, M.E., & Vandeputte, O.M. (2010). Cell-free culture medium of Burkholderia cepacia improves seed germination and seedling growth in maize (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa). Plant Growth Regul, 60, 191–197.
Saengsanga, T. (2018). Isolation and characterization of indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and their effects on growth at the early stage of Thai jasmine rice (Oryza sativa L. KDML 105). Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43, 3359-3369.
Sarron, E., Cle´ment, N., Pawlicki-Jullian, N., Gaillard, I., & Boitel-Conti, M. (2018). Stimulating effects of two plant growth-promoting bacteria, Enterobacter ludwigii Ez-185-17 and Raoultella terrigena Ez-555-6, on flax culture. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2018, 1954. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5033380.
Thai Customs. (2021). Statistic Report. Retrieved March 3, 2021, from https://bit.ly/34MciUI. (in Thai)
Yang, O., Li, C., Li, H., Li, Y., & Yu, N. (2009). Degradation of synthetic reactive azo dyes and treatment of textile wastewater by a fungi consortium reactor. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 43(3), 225-230.
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2022-01-24
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