Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil at Waste Disposal Site and Surrounding Paddy Field Area in Khok Sa-At Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Khong Chai District, Kalasin Province
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the soil properties and heavy metals in the soil at the rice paddy fields surrounding the waste disposal site of Khok Sa-at Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Khong Chai District, Kalasin Province. The data collection involved collecting the soil samples from Spot A, B, and C. Spot A collected soil samples in the waste disposal site 25 meters away from the wall. Spot B and C collected soil samples in the rice fields surrounding the waste disposal site 2 meters and 20 meters away from the wall. Soil samples were collected from 6 spots in each area altogether 18 spots during August to November 2018. The soil properties were examined for pH, EC, and heavy metals by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Technique. The statistics for data analysis were mean and standard deviation. The results showed that Area A, B, and C showed pH at 5.59±0.01 – 8.32±0.01, 4.05±0.01 – 8.46±0.00, and 4.62±0.00 – 7.57±0.01 respectively. The EC mean was 12.72±0.04 – 195.47±0.06, 17.38±0.09 – 240.67±0.58, and 17.81±0.20 – 190.23±0.06 mS/cm. And, the heavy metals were in line with the standards prescribed by the Pollution Control Department except that of the lead in Spot A. The samples at Spot 3A detected lead at 1,208.87±0.15 mg/kg whereas the standard criteria prescribe not exceeding 400 mg/kg. Keywords : heavy metal ; waste disposal site ; paddy fieldsReferences
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Wang, X., & Wu, Y. (1995). Effect of modification treatments on behaviour of heavy metals in combined polluted soil, Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 6, 440–444.
Xie, S.Q., Zhou, D.Z., Gu, Z.L., & Wu, L.S. (1991). The effects of simulated acid rain on the behaviour of Cu and Cd in soils and their acute toxicity, Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 12, 24–28.
Chen, A., Dietrich, K.N., Huo, X., & Ho, S. (2011). Developmental neurotoxicants in e-waste: an emerging health concern, Environmental Health Perspectives, 119(4), 431–438.
Cui, J. & Zhang, L. (2008). Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste: A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 158(2-3), 228–256.
Gao, L., He, H., Feng, S., Wang, S., & Cui, Z. (1994). Solubility and exchange of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr species in simulated acid rain. Environmental Chemistry, 13, 448–451.
Ji, W., Chen, Zh., Li, D., & Ni, W. (2012). Identifying the criteria of cadmium pollution in paddy soils based on a field survey, Energy Procedia, 16(Part A), 27–31.
Kobayashi, E., Suwazono, Y., Dochi, M., Honda, R., Nishijo, M., & Kido, T. (2008). Estimation of benchmark does as threshold levels of urinary cadmium based on excretion of 2-microglobulin in cadmium polluted and non-polluted regions in Japan, Toxicology Letters, 179(2), 108–112.
Kunacheva, C., Juanga, J.P., & Visvanathan C. (2009). Electrical and electronic waste inventory and management strategies in Bangkok, Thailand. International Journal Environment and Waste Management, 3(1-2), 107–119.
Li, L., Tang, H., Hu, Y., Wang, X., Ai, X., Tang, L., Matthew, C., Cavanahg, J., & Qiu, J. (2016). Enrofloxacin at environmentally relevant concentrations enhances uptake and toxicity of cadmium in the earthworm Eisenia fetida in farm soils, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 308, 312–320.
Nas, F.S., & Ali, M. (2018). The effect of lead on plants in terms of growing and biochemical parameters: review. MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences, 3(4), 265–268.
Soil Samples Collection Spots within Waste Disposal Site and the Surrounding Rice Paddy Fields. Retrieved March 19, 2019, from https://www.google.co.th/intl/th/earth/
Swietlik, D. (1992). Causes and Consequences of Overfertilization in Orchards, Hort Technology, 2, 112–132.
Tiwari, S., Tripathi, I.P., & Tiwari, H.L. (2013). Effect of lead on environment. International Journal of Emerging Researh in Management & Technology, 2(6), 1–5.
Wang, X., & Wu, Y. (1995). Effect of modification treatments on behaviour of heavy metals in combined polluted soil, Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 6, 440–444.
Xie, S.Q., Zhou, D.Z., Gu, Z.L., & Wu, L.S. (1991). The effects of simulated acid rain on the behaviour of Cu and Cd in soils and their acute toxicity, Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 12, 24–28.
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2021-01-14
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