Geographic Information System for Managing Floods and Landslides in the Areas of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
Abstract
In this study, a map of flooding and landslide risk areas in Tha Sala, Noppitam and Sichon district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province was created. I used a Geographic Information System (GIS) combined with Potential Surface Analysis (PSA) and Overlay Analysis to analyse the spatial data (from 2004-2016). Latitude, longitude, slope, soil drainage, and land use data were collected from the Department of Environmental Quality Promotion (DEQF), and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. In addition, rainfall data was collected from the Meteorological Department, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society. The risk areas were determined by using a linear mathematical model- S = R1W1+ R2W2 +R3W3+R4W4, where R1-4 indicated the scores of factors, and W1-4 weighted the scores of factors. Risk areas were classified based on the Jenks natural breaks classification method, which is a data clustering method designed to determine the levels of risks in different areas. The rainfall was classified into four levels: less than 61 mm, 61–75 mm, 76–100 mm, and more than 100 mm. The slopes of study areas were classified into four levels: 0 – 5%, 6-10%, 11-15% and more than 15%. The soil drainage was classified into four categories: poor drainage, relatively poor drainage, moderately well drainage and good drainage. The land use was classified into four categories: residential areas, areas for rice paddy/crops, areas for other activities, and areas for horticulture/perennial. The rainfall, slope of the areas, soil drainage and land use were scored and weighted. For the study areas, the weighted scores of rainfall, land use, slope of the areas and soil drainage were 10, 9.5, 9 and 9 for, respectfully. The result, as a computed map, indicated many areas that were risky and as a summary it showed that in the study area, 1.93% area had no risk, 3.22% area had low risk, 21.90% area had moderate risk, and 72.96% area had higher risk. Furthermore, the risk of Krung-Ching sub-district (252,793.10 Rai) 94.62% in Noppitam district was higher than other study areas in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Keyword : Geographic Information System, floods, landslide, rainfallReferences
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Chiang Mai Province. Master’s Theses, Mahidol University. (in Thai)
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Fang District, Chiang Mai Province. Chiang Mai: Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
and Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Petak, W.J., Atkisson, A. A. (1982). Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy. New York:
Springer- Verlag.
Scott, H.D. (2000). Soil Physics, Agricultural and Environmental Application, Iowa State University Press,
Iowa.
Smith, Ward. (1998). Floods : Physical Processes and Human Impacts. New York: John Wiley and sons.
Tingsanchali, T. (1996). Floods and Human Interaction: Experience, Problems and Solution. Bangkok: Asian
Institute of Technology, Thailand. (in Thai)
Yongchalermchai, C. (2004). Application of remote sensing technology and geographic information
system to allocate the flood hazard areas in the Upper eastern Area of Southern Thailand (Chumphon,
Sura
Information Systems and Prevention Guidelines around Western Sub-Basins Area of Songkhla Lake in
Patthalung Province. Master Thesis. Thaksin University. (in Thai)
Anbalagan, R. (1992). Landslide hazard evaluation and zonation mapping in mountainous terrain, Eng.
Geol, 32, 269-277.
Crozier, M. J. (1986). Landslides : Causes ; Consequences and Environment. London : Croom Helm.
Disater Prevention and Mitigation Provincial office, Nakhon Si Thammarat. (2011). Report Floods, Storms and
Landslides. (in Thai)
Disater Prevention and Mitigation Provincial office, Nakhon Si Thammarat. (2014). Report floods, Storms and
Landslides. (in Thai)
Dolah, I., Tonnayopas, D., & Phuthong. P. (2015). Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Geo-Informic and Normalized Difference Vegtation Index Techniques in Satun Province. Thaksin.J.18(3), 105-112.
(in Thai)
ESCAP. (1984). Flood Vulnerability Analysis and on the Principles of Floodplain Management for Flood Loss
Prevention. In Proceeding of the Seminar, In Water Resources Series No.58. New York: United
Nations.
ESCAP. (1991). Manual and Guidelines for Comprehensive Flood Loss Prevention and Management.
New York: United Nations Development Programme.
Introduction and Definition windstorm, flood and landslides. (2016). Retrieved September 15, 2016, from http://cendru.eng.cmu.ac.th/web/13-2.htm
Jirakajonhkool, S., J., Klawwikarn, P., & Oumkratum, S. (2012). Geo-Informatics for landslide risk zone
assessment in Wang Sa Pung Amphoe, Loei Province Department of Rural Technology. Thai Journal
of Science and Technology, 1(3), 197- 210. (in Thai).
Keeratipattarakarn, K. (2014). Geographic Information System for Flood Simulation in Nakhon Si Thammarat
Province. In Proceeding 21st Century Academic Forum Conference at UC Berkeley, 2(1), 66-83. USA:
Berkeley.
Krainarar, K. (2006). Application of Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing for Flood Risk
Assessment in Phetchaburi Watershed, Changwat Phetchaburi. Master Thesis. Kasatsart University. (in Thai)
Marco, J.B. (1992). Flood Risk Mapping. In Coping with Floods. Series E : Applied Sciences. Boston:
London, (257), 353 – 373.
Mangsilp, R. (2007). GIS and Hydrological Model for Flood Risk Area Assessment in Maetaeng Watershed,
Chiang Mai Province. Master’s Theses, Mahidol University. (in Thai)
Prangkio, C. (2011). Application of GIS in planning and management in areas prone to landslides in
Fang District, Chiang Mai Province. Chiang Mai: Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
and Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Petak, W.J., Atkisson, A. A. (1982). Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy. New York:
Springer- Verlag.
Scott, H.D. (2000). Soil Physics, Agricultural and Environmental Application, Iowa State University Press,
Iowa.
Smith, Ward. (1998). Floods : Physical Processes and Human Impacts. New York: John Wiley and sons.
Tingsanchali, T. (1996). Floods and Human Interaction: Experience, Problems and Solution. Bangkok: Asian
Institute of Technology, Thailand. (in Thai)
Yongchalermchai, C. (2004). Application of remote sensing technology and geographic information
system to allocate the flood hazard areas in the Upper eastern Area of Southern Thailand (Chumphon,
Sura
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2017-09-26
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