The Application of Geographic Information System to Determine Suitable Areas for Evacuation and Evacuation Site from Inundation Zone: a Case Study in Hat Yai District, Songkhla Province
Abstract
Inundation, a natural disaster, is becoming more frequent and/or severe. It can cause loss of life and heavy property damages. In this study, the geographic information system was applied to determine the optimal safe areas for evacuation and building the evacuation sites under the threat of flooding in Hat Yai District, Songkhla Province. Six factors including 1) inundation zone, 2) land use, 3) road network, 4) slope, 5) distance from water body and stream line and 6) soil drainage were analyzed by Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in order to classify the optimal safe areas into five categories according to the suitability comprising very high (59.14 km2), high (74.27 km2), moderate (292.91 km2), low (283.02 km2) and very low (75.54 km2). The categorized areas with modulate to very high suitability associated with the areas that have never been flooded were considered as the optimal safe areas for building the evacuation sites in each sub-district of Hat Yai district. It was found that fourteen evacuation sites are useful for planning to reduce or prevent the detrimental effect of floods. Keywords: Geographic Information System, inundation, Analytic Hierarchy Process, evacuation site, safe areasReferences
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Thai Meteorological Department. (2016). Knowledge of meteorology (in Thai). Retrieved January 8, 2016, from http://www.metsakon.tmd.go.th/bunyay.htm
University. n.p. (in Thai)
Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (Public Organization). (2016). Thailand Flood Monitoring System. Retrieved January 16, 2016, from http://flood.gistda.or.th/
Malczewski, J. (2004). GIS-based land-use suitability analysis: a critical overview. Progress in Planning,62(1),
3-65.
Saaty, T.L. (2008) Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int. J. Services Sciences, 1(1), 83-98.
Silverman, B.W. (1982). Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis. New York: Chapman and Hall
Thai Meteorological Department. (2016). Knowledge of meteorology (in Thai). Retrieved January 8, 2016, from http://www.metsakon.tmd.go.th/bunyay.htm
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Published
2016-09-07
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Research Article
