Use of Chitosan and Fertilizers to Increase Growth, Yield and Curcuminoid Content in Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
Abstract
Chitosan and fertilizers are important factors affecting on plant growth and crop production. Therefore, the influence of turmeric cultivation in sandy loam soil with different fertilizers together with chitosan applications was assessed. The results showed that the turmeric cultivated in sandy loam soil with chitosan soil mixture (0.1 % w/w) and foliar spray application (0.1 % w/v) with chemical fertilizer stimulated better growth, yield and curcuminoid compared to turmeric grown in the soil with chemical fertilizers. While the addition of mixed organic fertilizers improved physicochemical properties and nutrient contents. From these results turmeric significantly promoted yield (30.9 g) and curcuminoid content (9.0 %) at the rate of 8 tons/rai. Hence, mixed organic fertilizers at the rate of 8 tons/rai can be used as nutrient sources to increase yield and curcuminoid content of turmeric. Keywords : chitosan ; fertilizers ; turmericReferences
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Angchuan, N., Sasanarakkit, S., Verasan, J. and Kumlung, A. (2015). Effects of Para Rubber Ash Application on Growth and Yield of Rice Grown in Acidic Soils. Journal of Science and Technology 4, 39-50. (in Thai)
Anuradha, U. B., Patil, S. S., Kurubar, A. R., Ramesh, G. and Hiregoudar, S. (2018). Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cv. Salem. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, 3196-3203.
Barker, A. V. and Pilbeam, D. J. (2015). Handbook of plant nutrition. New York: Taylor and francis group.
Blake, G. R. and Hartge, K. H. (1986). Bulk density. Methods of soil analysis: Part 1 Physical and mineralogical methods. American Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America Madison 5, 363-375.
Boonlertnirun, S., Suvannasara, R. and Boonlertnirun, K. (2013). Effects of chitosan application before being subjected to drought on physiological changes and yield potential of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Applied Sciences Research 9, 6140-6145. (in Thai)
Brian, B., David D. and Robert E. (2004). ion exchange for the removal of natural organic matter. Reactive and Functional Polymers 60, 171-182.
Bureau of Animal Nutrition Development. (2010). Utilization of animal manure and wastewater from animal farms. Retrieved September 11, 2020, from http://nutrition.dld.go.th/nutrition/images/knowledge/ waste1.pdf (in Thai)
Chen, Y., Yuan, S., Liu, H., Chen, Z., Zhang, Y. and Zhang, H. (2016). A combination of chitosan and chemical fertilizers improves growth and disease resistance in Begonian × hiemalis Fotsch. Journal of Environment and Biotechnology 57, 1-10.
Chitdeshwari, T. (2019). Response of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) to micronutrient fertilizer mixtures applied at various levels and methods on the growth, yield and quality of rhizomes. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 8, 2361-2365.
Department of Agricultural Extension. (2020). Planting and caring for turmeric. Retrieved January 15, 2020, from http://www. agriman. doae. go.th/ herbal/herbdoae006/khamin%20 chan.pdf (in Thai)
Department of Agriculture. (2008). Organic Fertilizer Analytical Method. Retrieved May 14, 2021, from http:// http://www.lib.doa.go.th/ multim/e-book/EB00061.pdf (in Thai)
Department of Agriculture. (2019). Turmeric Crop Cultivation. Retrieved January 15, 2020, from http://www. agriman.doae.go.th/herbal/ herbdoae006/khamin%20chan.pdf (in Thai)
Department of Livestock Development. (2019). Situation of production and marketing of livestock products in Region 9 in 2008-2014. Retrieved July 30, 2020, from http:/www. extension. dld.go.th/th1/images /stories/article/Livestock World Markets2555. pdf (in Thai)
Halder, N. K., Shil, N. C., Siddiky, M. A., Sarker, J. and Gomes, R. (2007). Response of turmeric to zinc and boron fertilization. Journal of Biological Sciences 7, 182-187.
Hnamte, V., Chatterjee, R. and Patra, P. K. (2018). Influence of boron and zinc nutrition on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in gangetic alluvial soil of West Bengal. Journal of Crop and Weed 14, 72-77.
Kandasamy, K. P., Ravichandran, M., Imas, P. and Assaraf, M. (2012). Application of potassium and magnesium on turmeric (Curcuma longa) to increase productivity in Inceptisols. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 58, 147-150.
Kangpisdan, N. (2011). Rubber Fertilizer Recommendation in 2011. Bangkok: Rubber Research Institute Department of Agriculture. (in Thai)
Kumar, K. R., Rao, N. S. and Kumar, R. N. (2016). Effect of organic and inorganic nutrient sources on growth, quality and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Green Farming 7, 889-892.
Land Development Department. (2015). State of Soil and Land Resources of Thailand. Bangkok: The Agricultural Co-operative Federation of Thailand. (in Thai)
Lu, J., Zhang, C., Hou, G., Zhang, J., Wan, C., Shen, G. and Hou, T. (2002). The biological effects of chitosan on rice growth. Acta Agriculture Shanghai 18, 31-44.
Lueangthanawat, S., Amkha, S., Mala., T. and Teeranitayatarn, K. (2017). The utilization of chitosan on growth and flower quality of marigold. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal 45, 411-418. (in Thai)
Mondal, M. M. A., Malek, M. A., Puteh, A. B., Ismail, M. R., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Naher, L. (2012). Effect of foliar application of chitosan on growth and yield in okra. Australian Journal of Crop Science 6,
918-921.
Ohta, K., Asao, T. and Hosoki, T. (2001). Effects of chitosan treatments on seedling growth, chitinase activity and flower quality in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 76, 612-614.
Onthong, J. and Poonpakdee, C. (2019). Plant and Soil Analysis. Songkhla: Department of Earth Science Faculty of Natural Resources Prince of Songkla University. (in Thai)
Osotsapar, Y. (2015). Plant nutrients. Bangkok: Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Rasmepaedya, N. and Srisuwan, S. (2017). Para Rubber Intercropping of Farmers Phunphin District, Surat Thani Province. King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal 35, 117-124. (in Thai)
Ravindran, P., Nirmal Babu K. and Sivaraman., K. (2007). Turmeric The Genus Curcuma. New York: CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group.
Rubber Research Institute. (2018). Rubber Production in 2018. Retrieved March 31, 2021, from Available: http://www.thainr.com/ uploadfile/ 201810 11143717.pdf (in Thai)
Sathiyabama, M., Bernstein, N. and Anusuya, S. (2016). Chitosan elicitation for increased curcumin production and stimulation of defense response in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Industrial Crops and Products 89, 87-94.
Singh, B. P., & Mishra, H. (1995). Economics of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on turmeric in Andaman. Spice India, 8, 12-13.
Srinivasan, V., Thank Amani, C. K., Dinesh, R., Kandiannan, K., Zachariah, T. J., Lela, N. K. and Anshe, O. (2016). Nutrient management systems in turmeric: Effects on soil quality, rhizome yield and quality. Industrial crops and Products 85, 241-250.
Suvannasara, S., Promsomboon, P. and Boonlertnirun, K. (2011). Application of chitosan for reducing chemical fertilizer uses in waxy corn growing. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 44, 22-28.
Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia. (2018). Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia in 2018. Bangkok: Prachachon. (in Thai)
Vanek, V., J. Silha and Nemecek, R. (2003). The level of soil nitrate content at different management of organic fertilizers application. Plant, Soil and Environment 49, 197-202.
Yen, M. T. and Mau, J. L. (2007). Selected physical properties of chitin prepared from shiitake stipes. LWT-Food Science and Technology 40, 558-563.
Angchuan, N., Sasanarakkit, S., Verasan, J. and Kumlung, A. (2015). Effects of Para Rubber Ash Application on Growth and Yield of Rice Grown in Acidic Soils. Journal of Science and Technology 4, 39-50. (in Thai)
Anuradha, U. B., Patil, S. S., Kurubar, A. R., Ramesh, G. and Hiregoudar, S. (2018). Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cv. Salem. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, 3196-3203.
Barker, A. V. and Pilbeam, D. J. (2015). Handbook of plant nutrition. New York: Taylor and francis group.
Blake, G. R. and Hartge, K. H. (1986). Bulk density. Methods of soil analysis: Part 1 Physical and mineralogical methods. American Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America Madison 5, 363-375.
Boonlertnirun, S., Suvannasara, R. and Boonlertnirun, K. (2013). Effects of chitosan application before being subjected to drought on physiological changes and yield potential of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Applied Sciences Research 9, 6140-6145. (in Thai)
Brian, B., David D. and Robert E. (2004). ion exchange for the removal of natural organic matter. Reactive and Functional Polymers 60, 171-182.
Bureau of Animal Nutrition Development. (2010). Utilization of animal manure and wastewater from animal farms. Retrieved September 11, 2020, from http://nutrition.dld.go.th/nutrition/images/knowledge/ waste1.pdf (in Thai)
Chen, Y., Yuan, S., Liu, H., Chen, Z., Zhang, Y. and Zhang, H. (2016). A combination of chitosan and chemical fertilizers improves growth and disease resistance in Begonian × hiemalis Fotsch. Journal of Environment and Biotechnology 57, 1-10.
Chitdeshwari, T. (2019). Response of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) to micronutrient fertilizer mixtures applied at various levels and methods on the growth, yield and quality of rhizomes. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 8, 2361-2365.
Department of Agricultural Extension. (2020). Planting and caring for turmeric. Retrieved January 15, 2020, from http://www. agriman. doae. go.th/ herbal/herbdoae006/khamin%20 chan.pdf (in Thai)
Department of Agriculture. (2008). Organic Fertilizer Analytical Method. Retrieved May 14, 2021, from http:// http://www.lib.doa.go.th/ multim/e-book/EB00061.pdf (in Thai)
Department of Agriculture. (2019). Turmeric Crop Cultivation. Retrieved January 15, 2020, from http://www. agriman.doae.go.th/herbal/ herbdoae006/khamin%20chan.pdf (in Thai)
Department of Livestock Development. (2019). Situation of production and marketing of livestock products in Region 9 in 2008-2014. Retrieved July 30, 2020, from http:/www. extension. dld.go.th/th1/images /stories/article/Livestock World Markets2555. pdf (in Thai)
Halder, N. K., Shil, N. C., Siddiky, M. A., Sarker, J. and Gomes, R. (2007). Response of turmeric to zinc and boron fertilization. Journal of Biological Sciences 7, 182-187.
Hnamte, V., Chatterjee, R. and Patra, P. K. (2018). Influence of boron and zinc nutrition on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in gangetic alluvial soil of West Bengal. Journal of Crop and Weed 14, 72-77.
Kandasamy, K. P., Ravichandran, M., Imas, P. and Assaraf, M. (2012). Application of potassium and magnesium on turmeric (Curcuma longa) to increase productivity in Inceptisols. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 58, 147-150.
Kangpisdan, N. (2011). Rubber Fertilizer Recommendation in 2011. Bangkok: Rubber Research Institute Department of Agriculture. (in Thai)
Kumar, K. R., Rao, N. S. and Kumar, R. N. (2016). Effect of organic and inorganic nutrient sources on growth, quality and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Green Farming 7, 889-892.
Land Development Department. (2015). State of Soil and Land Resources of Thailand. Bangkok: The Agricultural Co-operative Federation of Thailand. (in Thai)
Lu, J., Zhang, C., Hou, G., Zhang, J., Wan, C., Shen, G. and Hou, T. (2002). The biological effects of chitosan on rice growth. Acta Agriculture Shanghai 18, 31-44.
Lueangthanawat, S., Amkha, S., Mala., T. and Teeranitayatarn, K. (2017). The utilization of chitosan on growth and flower quality of marigold. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal 45, 411-418. (in Thai)
Mondal, M. M. A., Malek, M. A., Puteh, A. B., Ismail, M. R., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Naher, L. (2012). Effect of foliar application of chitosan on growth and yield in okra. Australian Journal of Crop Science 6,
918-921.
Ohta, K., Asao, T. and Hosoki, T. (2001). Effects of chitosan treatments on seedling growth, chitinase activity and flower quality in Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 76, 612-614.
Onthong, J. and Poonpakdee, C. (2019). Plant and Soil Analysis. Songkhla: Department of Earth Science Faculty of Natural Resources Prince of Songkla University. (in Thai)
Osotsapar, Y. (2015). Plant nutrients. Bangkok: Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Rasmepaedya, N. and Srisuwan, S. (2017). Para Rubber Intercropping of Farmers Phunphin District, Surat Thani Province. King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal 35, 117-124. (in Thai)
Ravindran, P., Nirmal Babu K. and Sivaraman., K. (2007). Turmeric The Genus Curcuma. New York: CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group.
Rubber Research Institute. (2018). Rubber Production in 2018. Retrieved March 31, 2021, from Available: http://www.thainr.com/ uploadfile/ 201810 11143717.pdf (in Thai)
Sathiyabama, M., Bernstein, N. and Anusuya, S. (2016). Chitosan elicitation for increased curcumin production and stimulation of defense response in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Industrial Crops and Products 89, 87-94.
Singh, B. P., & Mishra, H. (1995). Economics of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on turmeric in Andaman. Spice India, 8, 12-13.
Srinivasan, V., Thank Amani, C. K., Dinesh, R., Kandiannan, K., Zachariah, T. J., Lela, N. K. and Anshe, O. (2016). Nutrient management systems in turmeric: Effects on soil quality, rhizome yield and quality. Industrial crops and Products 85, 241-250.
Suvannasara, S., Promsomboon, P. and Boonlertnirun, K. (2011). Application of chitosan for reducing chemical fertilizer uses in waxy corn growing. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 44, 22-28.
Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia. (2018). Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia in 2018. Bangkok: Prachachon. (in Thai)
Vanek, V., J. Silha and Nemecek, R. (2003). The level of soil nitrate content at different management of organic fertilizers application. Plant, Soil and Environment 49, 197-202.
Yen, M. T. and Mau, J. L. (2007). Selected physical properties of chitin prepared from shiitake stipes. LWT-Food Science and Technology 40, 558-563.
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2022-09-01
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