Thiamine Biosynthesis during Grain Development of Rice Cultivars
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important cereals of the world. It is nutritious cereal grain include of vitamin B1 of thiamine. The difference cultivars of rice accumulate different amount of thiamine. In this study, thus, was quantified thiamine in 3 rice cultivars, RD29, RD41, and PSL 2, in their maturity (harvest) stage. The key enzyme of biosynthetic pathway, HMPK/TMP-PPase (Hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase/thiamine-phosphate pyrophosphorylase), was also determined. Thiamine in 3 rice cultivars was between 0.068 - 0.072 mg/grain. The activity of HMPK/TMP-PPase increased from the flowering stage to milky stage and illustrated the highest activity in dough stage then decreased in maturity stage. The average activity of this enzyme on three diverse rice cultivars from every development stages were 0.034 0.041 and 0.062 nmole/grain/min, respectively. The study demonstrates that the activity of HMPK/TMP-PPase trend related to thiamine accumulate in rice grain. Keywords : thiamine, vitamin B1, rice, grain developing stages, HMPK/TMP-PPaseReferences
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Batifoulier, F., Verny, M. A., Chanliaud, E., Remesy, C., & Demigne, C. (2006). Variability of B vitamin concentrations in wheat grain, milling fractions and bread products. European Journal of Agronomy, 25(2), 163-169.
Belanger, F. C., Leustek, T., Chu, B., & Kriz, A. L. (1995). Evidence for the thiamine biosynthetic pathway in higher-plant plastids and its developmental regulation. Plant Molecular Biology, 29(4), 809-821.
Buchholz, M., Drotleff, A. M., & Ternes, W. (2012). Thiamin (vitamin B1) and thiamin phosphate esters in five cereal grains during maturation. Journal of Cereal Science, 56, 109-114.
Golda, A., Szyniarowski, P., Ostrowska, K., Kozik, A., & Rapala-Kozik, M. (2004). Thiamine binding and metabolism in germinating seeds of selected cereals and legumes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 42(3), 187-195.
Goyer, A. (2010). Thiamine in plants: Aspects of its metabolism and functions. Phytochemistry, 71(14-15),
1615-1624.
Goyer, A., & Haynes, K. G. (2011). Vitamin b1 content in potato: Effect of genotype, tuber enlargement, and storage, and estimation of stability and broad-sense heritability. American Journal of Potato Research, 88(4), 374-385.
Kawasaki, Y., Nosaka, K., Kaneko, Y., Nishimura, H., & Iwashima, A. (1990). Regulation of thiamine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Bacteriology, 172(10), 6145-6147.
Kim, Y. S., Nosaka, K., Downs, D. M., Kwak, J. M., Park, D., C., K., & Nam, H. G. (1998). A Brassica cDNA clone encoding a bifunctional hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase/thiamin-phosphate pyrophosphorylase involved in thiamin biosynthesis. Plant Molecular Biology, 37(6), 955-966.
Mitsunaga, T., Matsada, M., Shimizu, M., & Iwashima, A. (1986). Isolation and properties of a thiamine-binding protein from buckwheat seed. Cereal chemistry, 63(4), 332-335.
Moongngarm, A., & Saetung, N. (2010). Comparison of chemical compositions and bioactive compounds of germinated rough rice and brown rice. Food Chemistry, 122, 782-788.
Nishimura, H., Uehara, Y., Sempuku, K., & Iwashima, A. (1984). Purification and some properties of thiamine-binding protein from rice bran. Nutritional science and vitaminology, 30, 1-10.
Phosaeng, M., Junprasert, K. & Phraprasert, P. (2018). Variability of thiamine concentration in Thai rice. Burapha Science Journal, 23(2), 1084-1093.
Phraprasert, P. (2015). The role of thiamine (vitamin b1) in plants. Burapha Science Journal, 20(2), 221-231.
Rapala-Kozik, M. (2011). Vitamin B-1 (Thiamine): A cofactor for enzymes involved in the main metabolic pathways and an environmental stress protectant. Biosynthesis of Vitamins in Plants: Vitamins a, B1, B2, B3, B5, Pt A, 58, 37-91.
Rapala-Kozik, M., Golda, A., & Kujda, M. (2009). Enzymes that control the thiamine diphosphate pool in plant tissues. Properties of thiamine pyrophosphokinase and thiamine-(di)phosphate phosphatase purified from Zea mays seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem, 47(4), 237-242.
Rapala-Kozik, M., Kowalska, E., & Ostrowska, K. (2008). Modulation of thiamine metabolism in Zea mays seedlings under conditions of abiotic stress. Experimental Botany, 59(15), 4133-4143.
Rapala-Kozik, M., Olczak, M., Ostrowska, K., Starosta, A., & Kozik, A. (2007). Molecular characterization of the thi3 gene involved in thiamine biosynthesis in Zea mays: cDNA sequence and enzymatic and structural properties of the recombinant bifunctional protein with 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine (phosphate) kinase and thiamine monophosphate synthase activities. Biochemical Journal, 408(2),
149-159.
Shimizu, M., Mitsunaga, T., Inaba, K., Yoshida, T., & Iwashima, A. (1990). Accumulation of thiamine and Thiamine-binding protein during development of rice seed. Plant Physiology, 137, 123-124.
Smith, T.J., Johnson, C.R., Koshy, R., Hess, S.Y., Qureshi, U.A., Mynak, M.L., & Fischer, P.R. (2020). Thiamine defficiency disorder: a clinical perspective. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.
doi: 10.1111/nyas.14536.
Verma, D.K. & Srivastrav, P.P. (2020). Bioactive compounds of rice (Oryza sativa L.): Review on paradigm and its potential benefit in human health. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 97, 355–365
Watanabe, K., Nishida, N., Adachi, T., Ueda, M., Mitsunaga, T., & Kawamura, Y. (2004). Accumulation and degradation of thiamin-binding protein and level of thiamin in wheat seeds during seed maturation and germination. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 68(6), 1243-1248.
Witten, S., & Aulrich, K. (2018). Effect of variety and environment on the amount of thiamine and riboflavin in cereals and grain legumes. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 238, 39-46.
Batifoulier, F., Verny, M. A., Chanliaud, E., Remesy, C., & Demigne, C. (2006). Variability of B vitamin concentrations in wheat grain, milling fractions and bread products. European Journal of Agronomy, 25(2), 163-169.
Belanger, F. C., Leustek, T., Chu, B., & Kriz, A. L. (1995). Evidence for the thiamine biosynthetic pathway in higher-plant plastids and its developmental regulation. Plant Molecular Biology, 29(4), 809-821.
Buchholz, M., Drotleff, A. M., & Ternes, W. (2012). Thiamin (vitamin B1) and thiamin phosphate esters in five cereal grains during maturation. Journal of Cereal Science, 56, 109-114.
Golda, A., Szyniarowski, P., Ostrowska, K., Kozik, A., & Rapala-Kozik, M. (2004). Thiamine binding and metabolism in germinating seeds of selected cereals and legumes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 42(3), 187-195.
Goyer, A. (2010). Thiamine in plants: Aspects of its metabolism and functions. Phytochemistry, 71(14-15),
1615-1624.
Goyer, A., & Haynes, K. G. (2011). Vitamin b1 content in potato: Effect of genotype, tuber enlargement, and storage, and estimation of stability and broad-sense heritability. American Journal of Potato Research, 88(4), 374-385.
Kawasaki, Y., Nosaka, K., Kaneko, Y., Nishimura, H., & Iwashima, A. (1990). Regulation of thiamine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Bacteriology, 172(10), 6145-6147.
Kim, Y. S., Nosaka, K., Downs, D. M., Kwak, J. M., Park, D., C., K., & Nam, H. G. (1998). A Brassica cDNA clone encoding a bifunctional hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase/thiamin-phosphate pyrophosphorylase involved in thiamin biosynthesis. Plant Molecular Biology, 37(6), 955-966.
Mitsunaga, T., Matsada, M., Shimizu, M., & Iwashima, A. (1986). Isolation and properties of a thiamine-binding protein from buckwheat seed. Cereal chemistry, 63(4), 332-335.
Moongngarm, A., & Saetung, N. (2010). Comparison of chemical compositions and bioactive compounds of germinated rough rice and brown rice. Food Chemistry, 122, 782-788.
Nishimura, H., Uehara, Y., Sempuku, K., & Iwashima, A. (1984). Purification and some properties of thiamine-binding protein from rice bran. Nutritional science and vitaminology, 30, 1-10.
Phosaeng, M., Junprasert, K. & Phraprasert, P. (2018). Variability of thiamine concentration in Thai rice. Burapha Science Journal, 23(2), 1084-1093.
Phraprasert, P. (2015). The role of thiamine (vitamin b1) in plants. Burapha Science Journal, 20(2), 221-231.
Rapala-Kozik, M. (2011). Vitamin B-1 (Thiamine): A cofactor for enzymes involved in the main metabolic pathways and an environmental stress protectant. Biosynthesis of Vitamins in Plants: Vitamins a, B1, B2, B3, B5, Pt A, 58, 37-91.
Rapala-Kozik, M., Golda, A., & Kujda, M. (2009). Enzymes that control the thiamine diphosphate pool in plant tissues. Properties of thiamine pyrophosphokinase and thiamine-(di)phosphate phosphatase purified from Zea mays seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem, 47(4), 237-242.
Rapala-Kozik, M., Kowalska, E., & Ostrowska, K. (2008). Modulation of thiamine metabolism in Zea mays seedlings under conditions of abiotic stress. Experimental Botany, 59(15), 4133-4143.
Rapala-Kozik, M., Olczak, M., Ostrowska, K., Starosta, A., & Kozik, A. (2007). Molecular characterization of the thi3 gene involved in thiamine biosynthesis in Zea mays: cDNA sequence and enzymatic and structural properties of the recombinant bifunctional protein with 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine (phosphate) kinase and thiamine monophosphate synthase activities. Biochemical Journal, 408(2),
149-159.
Shimizu, M., Mitsunaga, T., Inaba, K., Yoshida, T., & Iwashima, A. (1990). Accumulation of thiamine and Thiamine-binding protein during development of rice seed. Plant Physiology, 137, 123-124.
Smith, T.J., Johnson, C.R., Koshy, R., Hess, S.Y., Qureshi, U.A., Mynak, M.L., & Fischer, P.R. (2020). Thiamine defficiency disorder: a clinical perspective. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.
doi: 10.1111/nyas.14536.
Verma, D.K. & Srivastrav, P.P. (2020). Bioactive compounds of rice (Oryza sativa L.): Review on paradigm and its potential benefit in human health. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 97, 355–365
Watanabe, K., Nishida, N., Adachi, T., Ueda, M., Mitsunaga, T., & Kawamura, Y. (2004). Accumulation and degradation of thiamin-binding protein and level of thiamin in wheat seeds during seed maturation and germination. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 68(6), 1243-1248.
Witten, S., & Aulrich, K. (2018). Effect of variety and environment on the amount of thiamine and riboflavin in cereals and grain legumes. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 238, 39-46.
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Published
2021-09-09
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