Development and Validation of the Folin-Ciocalteu Semi-Micro Method for Total Phenolic Compounds Determination in Rangdaeng (Ventilago denticulata Willd.) Extract
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to develop and validate the Folin-Ciocalteu semi-micro method for total phenolic compounds determination in Rangdaeng (Ventilago denticulata Willd.) extract. The results showed that the optimum condition was as follows: 100 mL of sample, 250 mL of 20%v/v Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent, 100 mL of 3.75%w/v Na2CO3 and 40 minutes of the equilibrium time using gallic acid as the standard. The absorbance at 765 nm was no significant difference (P>0.05) compared with the conventional Folin-Ciocalteu meso-method (20 folds in volume of the sample and reagents). Method validation revealed good linearity (R2>0.999) and specificity (calibration curve and specificity curve were paralleled with 0-5.91% of slope difference). LOD and LOQ was 3.70 and 11.22 mg/mL, respectively. Accuracy and precision of the method were acceptable. Percentage of recovery and %RSD were in the range of 82.11-105.31 and 4.77-6.42, respectively. Repeatability (intra-day), reproducibility (inter-day) and intermediate-precision method as %RSD were 0.77-2.42, 2.41-3.63 and 1.39-3.26, respectively. Method also showed the robustness under temperature in the range of 20-50 oC (%RSD=0.21-6.03). The developed Folin-Ciocalteu semi-micro method was applied to the determination of total phenolic compounds (TPC) in Rangdaeng (V. denticulata) extract, compared with the Folin-Ciocalteu meso-method. The results showed that the TPC were 73.87±0.75 and 74.61±0.82 mg GAE/g dw, respectively, which were not different significantly (P>0.05). In conclusion, the Folin-Ciocalteu semi-micro method is appropriated to the routine assay. Due to the decreasing in the reaction time, it is faster. This method reduces solution volume, chemical usage and wasted discharge so it is more environmental-friendly and safer. Keywords : method validation ; Folin-Ciocalteu method ; phenolic compounds ; Ventilago denticulata WilldReferences
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Medina, M.B. (2011). Simple and rapid method for the analysis of phenolic compounds in beverages and grains. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59, 1565-1571.
Pereira, G.A., Arruda, H.S., & Pastore, G.M. (2018). Modification and validation of Folin-Ciocalteu assay for faster and safer analysis of total phenolic content in food samples. Brazilian Journal of Food Research, 9(1),
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Sánchez-Rangel, J.C., Benavides, J., Heredia, J.B., Cisneros-Zevallosc, L., & Jacobo-Velázquez, D.A. (2013).
The Folin-Ciocalteu assay revisited: improvement of its specificity for total phenolic content determination. Analytical Methods, 5, 5990-5999.
Shori, A.B. (2015). Screening of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of medicinal plants. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 13(5), 297-305.
Srimoon, R., Anartgnam, P., & Tilarux, P. (2020). In vitro inhibitory efficiency of Ventilago denticulata Willd. dried leaves extract on alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase and lipase and antioxidant activities. Science & Technology Asia, 25(4), in press.
Temkitthawon, P., Viyoch, J., Limpeanchob, N., Pongamornkul, W., Sirikul, C., Kumpila, A., Suwanborirux, K., & Ingkaninan, K. (2008). Screening for phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity of Thai medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 119, 214-217.
Wong, S.P., Leong, L.P., & Koh, J.H.W. (2006). Antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of selected plants. Food Chemistry, 99, 775-783.
Blainski, A., Lopes, G.C., & De Mello, J.C.P. (2013). Application and analysis of the Folin-Ciocalteu method for the determination of the total phenolic content from Limonium brasiliense L. Molecules, 18, 6852-6865.
Bland, J.S. (1995). Oxidants and antioxidants in clinical medicine: past, present, and future potential. Journal of Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, 5, 255-280.
Christian, G.D. (1994). Analytical Chemistry. 5th edition. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Clcco, N., Lanorte, M.T., Paraggio, M., Viggiano, M., & Lattanzio, V.A. (2009). A reproducible, rapid and inexpensive Folin–Ciocalteu micro-method in determining phenolics of plant methanol extracts. Microchemical Journal, 91(1), 107-110.
Hu, M.L. (2011). Dietary polyphenols as antioxidants and anticancer agents: more questions than answers. Chang Gung Medical Journal, 34, 449-459.
ICH Guidelines. (2017). Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology Q2(R1). Retrieved May 5, 2020, from http://www.ich.org/fileadmin/Public_Web_Site/ICH_Products/Guidelines/Quality/Q2_R1/Step4/Q2_ R1__Guideline.pdf
Keaney, J.F., & Frei, B. (1994). Chapter 11: Antioxidant protection of low density lipoprotein and its role in the prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease. In: Frei, B. (Ed.), Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease. (pp 303-351). San Diego: Academic Press.
Leu, S.J., Lin, Y.P., Lin, R.D., Wen, C.L., Cheng, K.T., Hsu, F.L., & Lee, M.H. (2006). Phenolic constituents of Malus doumeri var. formosana in the field of skin care. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 29,
740-745.
Magarelli, G., Da Silva, J.G., De Sousa-Filho, I.A., Lopes, I.S.D., De Souza, J.R., Hoffmann, L.V., & De Castro, C.S.P. (2013). Development and validation of a voltammetric method for determination of total phenolic acids in cotton cultivars. Microchemical Journal, 109, 23-28.
Matić, P., Sabljić, M., & Jakobek, L. (2017). Validation of spectrophotometric methods for the determination of total polyphenol and potal flavonoid content. Journal of AOAC International, 100(6), 1795-1803.
Martinez, M.E. (2005). Primary prevention of colorectal cancer: lifestyle, nutrition, exercise. Recent Results in Cancer Research, 166, 177-211.
Medina, M.B. (2011). Simple and rapid method for the analysis of phenolic compounds in beverages and grains. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59, 1565-1571.
Pereira, G.A., Arruda, H.S., & Pastore, G.M. (2018). Modification and validation of Folin-Ciocalteu assay for faster and safer analysis of total phenolic content in food samples. Brazilian Journal of Food Research, 9(1),
125-140.
Sánchez-Rangel, J.C., Benavides, J., Heredia, J.B., Cisneros-Zevallosc, L., & Jacobo-Velázquez, D.A. (2013).
The Folin-Ciocalteu assay revisited: improvement of its specificity for total phenolic content determination. Analytical Methods, 5, 5990-5999.
Shori, A.B. (2015). Screening of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of medicinal plants. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 13(5), 297-305.
Srimoon, R., Anartgnam, P., & Tilarux, P. (2020). In vitro inhibitory efficiency of Ventilago denticulata Willd. dried leaves extract on alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase and lipase and antioxidant activities. Science & Technology Asia, 25(4), in press.
Temkitthawon, P., Viyoch, J., Limpeanchob, N., Pongamornkul, W., Sirikul, C., Kumpila, A., Suwanborirux, K., & Ingkaninan, K. (2008). Screening for phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity of Thai medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 119, 214-217.
Wong, S.P., Leong, L.P., & Koh, J.H.W. (2006). Antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of selected plants. Food Chemistry, 99, 775-783.
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2021-01-05
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