-Amylaseand -Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Selected Herbs and Their Synergistic Effects with Acarbose for Primary Health Care as Flatulence Inhibitory Treatments
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease usually caused by defects in insulin secretion that is characterized by hyperglycemia. One therapeutic approach for decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood is to inhibit carbohydrate digesting enzymes; a-amylase and a-glucosidase, in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this work was to evaluate 13 species of herbs in primary health care as flatulence inhibitory treatments against a-amylase and a-glucosidase (rat intestinal) activities as well as to evaluate their synergistic effect with acarbose, the synthetic drug for diabetic treatment. The 70 % methanolic extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa L., CLR) exhibited the highest a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibitory activities (maltase and sucrase) with IC50 values of 4.21±0.25 0.21±0.04 and 1.54±0.08 mg/mL, respectively. Acarbose, based on a standard reference for a-amylase and a-glucosidase (maltase and sucrase) inhibitory activities, possessed IC50 values of 5.10±0.43 1.77±0.21 and 3.36±0.39 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, the 70 % methanol extract of CLR showed most potent synergistic inhibitory effect with acarbose. Thus, the results from the study indicate that 70 % methanolic extracts of CLR could be further developed as an anti-hyperglycemic remedy for diabetic therapy. Keywords : herbs for primary health care ; a-amylase inhibition ; a-glucosidase inhibition ; synergistic inhibitionReferences
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of Moringa oleifera leaf extract. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 15(7), 803 - 808.
Akkarachiyasit, S., Charoenlertkul, P., Yibchok-anun, S., & Adisakwattana, S. (2010). Inhibitory activities of
cyanidin and its glycosides and synergistic effect with acarbose against intestinal -glucosidase and
pancreatic -amylase. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 11(9), 3387-3396.
Chatterjee, S., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2017). Type 2 diabetes. The Lancet, 389(10085), 2239-2251.
Chotchoungchatchai, S., Saralamp, P., Jenjittikul, T., Pornsiripongse, S., & Prathanturarug, S. (2012). Medicinal
plants used with Thai Traditional Medicine in modern healthcare services: A case study in Kabchoeng Hospital, Surin Province, Thailand. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(1), 193-205.
Damsud, T. (2013). -Glucosidase inhibitors from edible plants (Doctoral dissertation, Thesis of Ph. D.
Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Program of Biotechnology, 67-81). (in Thai)
Fujisawa, T., Lkegami, H., Inoue, K., Kawabata, Y., & Ogihara, T. (2005). Effect of two -glucosidase inhibitors,
voglibose and acarbose, on postprandial hyperglycemia correlates with subjective abdominal symptoms. Metabolism, 54(3), 387-390.
Ghani, U. (2019). Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors: Clinically Promising Candidates for Anti-diabetic Drug Discovery.
Elsevier.
Hanefeld, M., Fischer, S., Schulze, J., Spengler, M., Wargenau, M., Schollberg, K., & Fücker, K. (1991).
Therapeutic potentials of acarbose as first-line drug in NIDDM insufficiently treated with diet alone. Diabetes Care, 14(8), 732-737.
Hasimun, P. A. T. O. N. A. H., Adnyana, I. K., Valentina, R. I. Z. K. A., & Lisnasari, E. U. I. S. (2016). Potential
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from selected Zingiberaceae family. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 9(1), 164-7.
Hotta, N., Kakuta, H., Sano, T., Matsumae, H., Yamada, H., Kitazawa, S., & Sakamoto, N. (1993). Long‐term effect
of acarbose on glycaemic control in non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus: a placebo‐controlled double‐blind study. Diabetic Medicine, 10(2), 134-138.
Kuroda, M., Mimaki, Y., Nishiyama, T., Mae, T., Kishida, H., Tsukagawa, M.& Kitahara, M. (2005). Hypoglycemic
effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa L. rhizomes) on genetically diabetic KK-Ay mice. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 28(5), 937-939.
Montvida, O., Shaw, J., Atherton, J. J., Stringer, F., & Paul, S. K. (2018). Long-term trends in antidiabetes drug
usage in the US: real-world evidence in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 41(1), 69-78.
Ni, M., Hu, X., Gong, D., & Zhang, G. (2020). Inhibitory mechanism of vitexin on -glucosidase and its synergy
with acarbose. Food Hydrocolloids, 105824.
Oh, D. Y., Kang, D. S., Lee, Y. G., & Kim, H. S. (2019). Effects of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on Blood Glucose
and Lipid Metabolism Functional Improvement in STZ-induced Diabetic rats. Journal of Environmental Science International, 28(5), 485-494.
Wongsa, P., Chaiwarit, J., & Zamaludien, A. (2012). In vitro screening of phenolic compounds, potential
inhibition against -amylase and -glucosidase of culinary herbs in Thailand. Food Chemistry, 131(3), 964-971.
Yin, Z., Zhang, W., Feng, F., Zhang, Y., & Kang, W. (2014). -Glucosidase inhibitors isolated from medicinal
plants. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3(3-4), 136-174.
of Moringa oleifera leaf extract. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 15(7), 803 - 808.
Akkarachiyasit, S., Charoenlertkul, P., Yibchok-anun, S., & Adisakwattana, S. (2010). Inhibitory activities of
cyanidin and its glycosides and synergistic effect with acarbose against intestinal -glucosidase and
pancreatic -amylase. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 11(9), 3387-3396.
Chatterjee, S., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2017). Type 2 diabetes. The Lancet, 389(10085), 2239-2251.
Chotchoungchatchai, S., Saralamp, P., Jenjittikul, T., Pornsiripongse, S., & Prathanturarug, S. (2012). Medicinal
plants used with Thai Traditional Medicine in modern healthcare services: A case study in Kabchoeng Hospital, Surin Province, Thailand. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(1), 193-205.
Damsud, T. (2013). -Glucosidase inhibitors from edible plants (Doctoral dissertation, Thesis of Ph. D.
Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Program of Biotechnology, 67-81). (in Thai)
Fujisawa, T., Lkegami, H., Inoue, K., Kawabata, Y., & Ogihara, T. (2005). Effect of two -glucosidase inhibitors,
voglibose and acarbose, on postprandial hyperglycemia correlates with subjective abdominal symptoms. Metabolism, 54(3), 387-390.
Ghani, U. (2019). Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors: Clinically Promising Candidates for Anti-diabetic Drug Discovery.
Elsevier.
Hanefeld, M., Fischer, S., Schulze, J., Spengler, M., Wargenau, M., Schollberg, K., & Fücker, K. (1991).
Therapeutic potentials of acarbose as first-line drug in NIDDM insufficiently treated with diet alone. Diabetes Care, 14(8), 732-737.
Hasimun, P. A. T. O. N. A. H., Adnyana, I. K., Valentina, R. I. Z. K. A., & Lisnasari, E. U. I. S. (2016). Potential
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from selected Zingiberaceae family. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 9(1), 164-7.
Hotta, N., Kakuta, H., Sano, T., Matsumae, H., Yamada, H., Kitazawa, S., & Sakamoto, N. (1993). Long‐term effect
of acarbose on glycaemic control in non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus: a placebo‐controlled double‐blind study. Diabetic Medicine, 10(2), 134-138.
Kuroda, M., Mimaki, Y., Nishiyama, T., Mae, T., Kishida, H., Tsukagawa, M.& Kitahara, M. (2005). Hypoglycemic
effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa L. rhizomes) on genetically diabetic KK-Ay mice. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 28(5), 937-939.
Montvida, O., Shaw, J., Atherton, J. J., Stringer, F., & Paul, S. K. (2018). Long-term trends in antidiabetes drug
usage in the US: real-world evidence in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 41(1), 69-78.
Ni, M., Hu, X., Gong, D., & Zhang, G. (2020). Inhibitory mechanism of vitexin on -glucosidase and its synergy
with acarbose. Food Hydrocolloids, 105824.
Oh, D. Y., Kang, D. S., Lee, Y. G., & Kim, H. S. (2019). Effects of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on Blood Glucose
and Lipid Metabolism Functional Improvement in STZ-induced Diabetic rats. Journal of Environmental Science International, 28(5), 485-494.
Wongsa, P., Chaiwarit, J., & Zamaludien, A. (2012). In vitro screening of phenolic compounds, potential
inhibition against -amylase and -glucosidase of culinary herbs in Thailand. Food Chemistry, 131(3), 964-971.
Yin, Z., Zhang, W., Feng, F., Zhang, Y., & Kang, W. (2014). -Glucosidase inhibitors isolated from medicinal
plants. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3(3-4), 136-174.
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2021-05-05
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