Impacts of Drought Condition in Ubolratana Reservoir Ecosystem on Increment of Toxic Cyanobacteria
Abstract
Study on impacts of drought condition on change of species composition and density of phytoplankton in Ubolratana reservoir was carried out in 3 representative areas of the upper zone (Phong River), the middle zone (Non Sawang, Tha Lat, and Pong Sang Districts), and the aquaculture zone (Nong Kung Soen District) during April to October 2018 when the water storage volumes in the reservoir was very low. The result showed that during the decreases of water storage in 2018 (from 47% to 39% from April to June), total densities of phytoplankton in the upper zone had increased ca 6 times (from 6,993 to 42,153 cells/L). Total densities in the middle zone had increased 3.4 times (from 14,237-54,285 to 69,032-127,694 cells/L), while those in the aquaculture zone (normally found in high levels) had increased 1.7times (from 61,554 to 106,232 cells/L). Densities in the aquaculture zone had continuously increased to reach the highest level of 189,922 cells/L when the water storage volume decreased to the lowest level of 30%. The results on changes in toxic cyanobacteria abundance indicated the dominance of Microcystis sp. that had increased along the times. The highest Microcystis density of 61,807 cells/L was found at Nong Kung Soen District when the water storage volume decreased to the lowest level. Some toxic cyanobacteria (Anabaena sp.), nevertheless, seemed to be slightly decreased. The overall results have revealed that the drought condition in 2018 in the Ubolratana reservoir ecosystem had impacted either on the increments of total phytoplankton or the toxic cyanobacteria species. Such phenomena implied the necessary in ecosystem monitoring and conservation through development of schematic approach on water management for suitable storage level. Keywords : drought condition, phytoplankton, toxic cyanobacteria, water storage, Ubolratana ReservoirReferences
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Wetzel, R.G. (1990). Land-water interfaces: Metabolic and Limnological Regulators. Verhandlungen der Internationale Vereinigung der Limnologie, 24, 6-24.
Wongrat, L. (1999). Phytoplankton. Bangkok: Kasetsart University Press. (in Thai)
Bakker, E.S., & Hilt, S. (2016). Impact of water-level fluctuations on cyanobacterial blooms: Options for Management. Aquatic Ecology, 50(3), 485–498.
Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand. (2006). Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand. Retrieved April 5, 2019, from http://www.egat.co.th/index.php? option=com.
Hanpongkittikul, A. (2004). Distribution of phytoplankton in the Pasak Jolasid reservoir, Lop Buri province. (Master 's thesis, Kasetsart University). (in Thai)
Haven, K.E. (2008). Cyanobacteria blooms: effects on aquatic ecosystem. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 619, 733-47.
Kimmel, B.L., Lind, O.T., & Paulson, L.J. (1990). Reservoir Primary Production: In Reservoir Limnology. Ecological Perspectives. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Kodsup, P. (2007). Assessment of aquatic resource enrichment status by integration of aquatic plant biomass database: A Case study in Vajiralongkorn reservoir and Srinakarin reservoir. Kanchanaburi province. In Proceedings of 45 Kasetsart University Annual Conference. (pp. 302-309). Bangkok. (in Thai)
Meksumpun, C. 2007. Water Qualities in Pasak Jolasid Reservoir. In SUMAFISH: A Case Study of Reservoir Fisheries (Wongrat, L. ed.). 17-23.
Meksumpun, C., Mengchouy, R., Buakaew, K., & Nimsantijaroen, W. (2018). The Ubolratana Reservoir and Meteorological Changes during 50 Years: Trend and Risk of Air Temperature on Fishery Resources, In Proceeding of 7th Phayao Research Conference 2018. (pp. 1429-1441). Phayao. (in Thai)
Mengchouy, R., & Meksumpun, C. (2018). Analysis of water quality index for fishery resource conservation approach in the Ubolratana reservoir ecosystem: A case study on integrated function of storage volume in the reservoir area, In Proceeding of 7th Phayao Research Conference 2018. (pp. 1078-1088). Phayao. (in Thai)
Mengchouy, R., Meksumpun, C., Buakaew, K., Nimsanticharoen, W. & Sangmek, P. (2019). Nutrient Pathway and their Role on Abundant Status of Primary Production in the Ubolratana Reservoir, In Proceeding of 8th Phayao Research Conference 2019. (pp. 1382-1393). Phayao. (in Thai)
Muangsringam, J. & Meksumpun, C. (2019). Roles of Drought Conditions on Changes of Species and Density of Phytoplankton in the Ubolratana Reservoir, In Proceeding of 8th Phayao Research Conference 2019. (pp. 1408-1417). Phayao. (in Thai)
Peerapornpisal, Y. (2015). Freshwater Algae in Thailand. (3). Chiang Mai. Applied Algal Research Laboratory, Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Rocha Junior, C.A.N., Costa, M.R.A., Menezes, R.F., Attay de, J.L., & Becker, V. (2018). Water volume reduction increases eutrophication risk in tropical semi-arid reservoirs. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia. (30), pp. 106.
Royal Irrigation Department. (2018). Reports of water status in reservoir. Retrieved April 5, 2019,
from http:// www. thaiwater.net/DATA/REPORT/php/rid_bigcm.html.
Seeya, N., Wangvoralak, S., Meksumpun, C., Adjimangkun, J., Nedtharnn, U., Srisomwong, M., & Poungcharean, S. (2018). Fishing Situation in Ubolratana Reservoir, In Proceeding of 7th Phayao Research Conference 2018. (pp. 1059-1068). Phayao. (in Thai)
Shigeo, T., & Takuya, O. (2003). Development of Anabaena Blooms in a small reservoir with dense sediment akinete population, with special reference to temperature and irradiance. Journal of plankton research, 25, 1059-1067.
Sriyasak, P., Whangchai, N., Chitmanat, C., Promya, J., & Louis, L. (2014). Impacts of Climate and Season on Water Quality in Aquaculture Ponds, Journal of Science and Technology, 19(5), 743-751. (in Thai)
Thai Meteorological Department. (2019. Drought Condition. Retrieved April 5, 2019,
from https://www. tmd.go. th/info/info.php?FileID=71.
Welch, P.S. (1952). Limnology. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Wetzel, R.G. (1990). Land-water interfaces: Metabolic and Limnological Regulators. Verhandlungen der Internationale Vereinigung der Limnologie, 24, 6-24.
Wongrat, L. (1999). Phytoplankton. Bangkok: Kasetsart University Press. (in Thai)
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2019-10-17
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