Removal of Acridine Orange from Water by Adsorption onto Fly Ash
Abstract
The batch experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the ability of acid-treated and untreated fly ash to adsorb acridine orange dye in water. The adsorption of dye at 25 oC reached equilibrium within 30 minutes. The adsorbed amount at equilibrium was proportional to the initial concentration of dye but was inversely proportional to the mass of fly ash. The highest percentages of dye removal for the untreated and acid-treated fly ash were 87.7% and 99.0%, respectively. The adsorption rate could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model while the adsorbed amount of dye at equilibrium agreed with the Freundlich isotherm. The negative sign of the adsorption enthalpies and Gibbs energies indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. As the magnitudes of the adsorption enthalpies lied well below 40 kJ mol-1 (14.21-22.05 kJ mol-1), the adsorption of acridine orange onto fly ash could be regarded as physisorption. Keywords : fly Ash, acridine orange, adsorption isotherm, thermodynamics, kineticsReferences
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Charan Kumar, H.C, Shilpa, R., Ravishankar Rai, V., & Ananda, S. (2017). Electrochemical degradation of acridine orange dye at Pd/graphite modified electrode in aqueous solution, International Journal of Applied Chemistry, 13(2), 219-234.
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Dai, Y., Zhang, D., & Zhang, K. (2016). Nitrobenzene-adsorption capacity of NaOH-modified spent coffee ground from aqueous solution, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 68, 232-238.
Gonzalez, K., McVey, S., Cunnick, J., Udovichenko, I.P., & Takemoto, D.J. (1995). Acridine orange differential staining of total DNA and RNA in normal and galactosemic lens epithelial cells in culture using flow cytometry, Current Eye Research, 14(4), 269-73.
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Khan, T.A., Khan, E.A., & Shahjahan. (2016), Adsorptive uptake of basic dyes from aqueous solution by novel brown linseed deoiled cake activated carbon: equilibrium isotherms and dynamics, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4(3), 3084–3095.
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Lian, L., Guo, L., Guo, C. (2009). Adsorption of Congo red from aqueous solutions onto Ca–bentonite, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 161(1), 126-131.
Lyles, M.B. & Cameron, I.L. (2002). Interactions of the DNA intercalator acridine orange, with itself, with caffeine, and with double stranded DNA, Biophysical Chemistry, 96(1), 53-76.
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Mohan, D., Singh, K.P., Singh, G., & Kumar, K. (2002). Removal of Dyes from waste water using fly ash, a low-cost adsorbent, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 41, 3688-3695.
Mushtaq, F., Zahid, M., Bhatti, I.A., Nasir, S., & Hussain, T. (2019). Possible applications of coal fly ash in wastewater treatment, Journal of Environmental Management, 240, 27-46.
Parshetti, G.K., Chowdhury, S., & Balasubramanian, R. (2014). Hydrothermal conversion of urban food waste to chars for removal of textile dyes from contaminated waters, Bioresource Technology, 161, 310- 319.
Pengthamkeerati, P., Satapanajaru, T., & Chularuengoaksorn, P. (2008), Chemical modification of coal fly ash for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solution, Fuel, 87, 2469–2476.
Salh, D.M. (2013). Removal of acridine orange from waste water using different natural clays, International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 13(5), 12-16.
Vucurovic, V.M., Puskas, V.S., & Miljic, U.D. (2017). Removal of acridine orange dye from aqueous solution by adsorption onto dried sugar beet pulp, Acta periodica technologica, 48, 307-314.
Wang, S., Boyjoo, Y., & Choueib, A. (2005), A comparative study of dye removal using fly ash treated by different methods, Chemosphere, 60, 1401-1407.
Yagub, M.T., Sen, T.K., Afroze, S., & Ang, H.M. (2014). Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: a review, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 209, 172–184.
36, 327-363.
Andersson, K.I., Eriksson M., & Norgren, M. (2011), Removal of lignin from wastewater generated by mechanical pulping using activated charcoal and fly ash: adsorption kinetics, Industry & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50, 7733-7739.
Blears, D.J. & Danyluk, S.S. (1966). The aggregation of acridine orange in aqueous solution, Journal of American Chemical Society, 88(5), 1084-1085.
Charan Kumar, H.C, Shilpa, R., Ravishankar Rai, V., & Ananda, S. (2017). Electrochemical degradation of acridine orange dye at Pd/graphite modified electrode in aqueous solution, International Journal of Applied Chemistry, 13(2), 219-234.
Chen, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Yue, Q., Li, Y., & Li, C. (2010). Equilibrium and kinetic studies of methyl orange and methyl violet adsorption on activated carbon derived from Phragmites australis, Desalination, 252, 149-156.
Dai, Y., Zhang, D., & Zhang, K. (2016). Nitrobenzene-adsorption capacity of NaOH-modified spent coffee ground from aqueous solution, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 68, 232-238.
Gonzalez, K., McVey, S., Cunnick, J., Udovichenko, I.P., & Takemoto, D.J. (1995). Acridine orange differential staining of total DNA and RNA in normal and galactosemic lens epithelial cells in culture using flow cytometry, Current Eye Research, 14(4), 269-73.
Haynes, R.J. (2009), Reclamation and revegetation of fly ash disposal sites – challenges and research needs, Journal of Environmental Management, 90(1), 43–53.
Khan, T.A., Khan, E.A., & Shahjahan. (2016), Adsorptive uptake of basic dyes from aqueous solution by novel brown linseed deoiled cake activated carbon: equilibrium isotherms and dynamics, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4(3), 3084–3095.
Lauretti, F., Melo, F.L.D., Benati, F.J., Volotão, E.D.M., Santos, N., Linhares, R.L.C., & Nozawa, C. (2003), Use of acridine orange staining for the detection of rotavirus RNA in polyacrylamide gels, Journal of Virological Methods, 114, 29-35.
Li, H., Huang, G., An, C., Hu, J., & Yang, S. (2013), Removal of tannin from aqueous solution by adsorption onto treated coal fly ash: kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 52, 15923-15931.
Li, L. H., Xiao, J., Liu, P., Yang, G.W. (2015). Super adsorption capability from amorphousization of metal oxide nanoparticles for dye removal, Scientific Reports, 5, 1-6.
Lian, L., Guo, L., Guo, C. (2009). Adsorption of Congo red from aqueous solutions onto Ca–bentonite, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 161(1), 126-131.
Lyles, M.B. & Cameron, I.L. (2002). Interactions of the DNA intercalator acridine orange, with itself, with caffeine, and with double stranded DNA, Biophysical Chemistry, 96(1), 53-76.
Machado, F.M., Bergmann, C.P., Fernandes, T.H.M., Lima, E.C., Royer, B., Calvete, T., & Fagan, S.B. (2011). Adsorption of reactive red M-2BE dye from water solutions by multi-walled carbon nanotubes and activated carbon, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 19, 1122–1131.
Mae Moh Power Plant. (2016), Utilization of lignite fly ash, Retrieved April 6, 2019, from http://maemoh.egat.com/index.php/89- sarat/89-sarat1
Mohan, D., Singh, K.P., Singh, G., & Kumar, K. (2002). Removal of Dyes from waste water using fly ash, a low-cost adsorbent, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 41, 3688-3695.
Mushtaq, F., Zahid, M., Bhatti, I.A., Nasir, S., & Hussain, T. (2019). Possible applications of coal fly ash in wastewater treatment, Journal of Environmental Management, 240, 27-46.
Parshetti, G.K., Chowdhury, S., & Balasubramanian, R. (2014). Hydrothermal conversion of urban food waste to chars for removal of textile dyes from contaminated waters, Bioresource Technology, 161, 310- 319.
Pengthamkeerati, P., Satapanajaru, T., & Chularuengoaksorn, P. (2008), Chemical modification of coal fly ash for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solution, Fuel, 87, 2469–2476.
Salh, D.M. (2013). Removal of acridine orange from waste water using different natural clays, International Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 13(5), 12-16.
Vucurovic, V.M., Puskas, V.S., & Miljic, U.D. (2017). Removal of acridine orange dye from aqueous solution by adsorption onto dried sugar beet pulp, Acta periodica technologica, 48, 307-314.
Wang, S., Boyjoo, Y., & Choueib, A. (2005), A comparative study of dye removal using fly ash treated by different methods, Chemosphere, 60, 1401-1407.
Yagub, M.T., Sen, T.K., Afroze, S., & Ang, H.M. (2014). Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: a review, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 209, 172–184.
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2019-09-19
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