The Antibacterial Activities of Polyurethane mixed with Nanosilver against Opportunistic Gram–negative Bacteria
Abstract
The objectives of this research were to study the antibacterial activities of polyurethane mixed with nanosilver, which had been prepared with 5 different silver concentrations (40, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 ppm). The polyurethane mixed with nanosilver were tested against opportunistic gram–negative bacterium, Escherischia coli ATCC25913, Drug–resistant and non–resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis, by Agar Disc Diffusion Susceptibility Testand Broth dilution Susceptibility Test. The results were shown that polyurethane mixed with nanosilver inhibited the growth of opportunistic gram–negative bacteria, with the MICs of 100 – 1000 ppm. Also, polyurethane mixed with 1000 pmm nanosilver showedthe highest antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa at 86.70% of inhibition.References
วิษณุ ธรรมลิขิตกุล. (2551). โคลิสติน: ยาต้านจุลชีพ. เวชบันทึก ศิริราช, 3, 152–158.
Clinical and standard Institute. (2010). Performanec standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Twentieth informational supplement. Document M100–S20. Wayne, PA: CLSI.
Dellit, T.H., Owens, R.C., McGowan, J.E., Gerding, D.N., Weinstein, R.A. and Burke, et al. (2007). Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Guidelines for Developing an Institutional Program to Enhance Antimicrobial Stewardship.Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidelines , 44, 159 – 177.
Hsu, S., Tseng, H. and Lin, Y. (2010). The biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of waterborne polyurethane–silver
nanocomposites. Biomaterials,31, 6796–6808.
Kuan, H.C., Ma, C.C.M., Chang, W.P., Yuen, S.M., Wu, H.H. and Lee, T.M. (2005). Synthesis, thermal, mechanical and
rheological properties of multiwall carbon nanotube/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite. Composites Science and Technology, 65, 1703–1710.
Lamba, N., Woodhouse, K. and Couper, S.L. (1998). Polyurethane in biomedical applications. U.S.A.: CRC Press.
Liu, J., Sonshine, J.A., Shervani, S. and Robert, H. (2010). Controlled Release of Biologically Active Silver from Nanosilver Surfaces. ASC Nano,4(11), 6903–6913.
Morones, J.R., Elechiguerra, J.L., Camacho, A., Holt, K., Kouri, J.B., Ramírez, J.T., et. al. (2005). The bactericidal
effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology, 16, 2346–2353.
Park, H., Kim, J.Y., Kim, J., Lee, J., Hahn, J., Gu, M.B., et. al. (2009). Silver–ion–mediated reactive oxygen species
generation affecting bactericidal activity.Water Research, 43, 1027–1032.
Paul, G., Sarkar, S., Pal, T., Das, P.K. and Manna, I. (2012). Concentration and size dependence of nano–silver dispersed water based nanofluids.Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,371, 20–27.
Sanpui, P., Murugadoss, A., Prasad, P.V.D., Ghosh, S.S. and Chattopadhyay, A. (2008). The antibacterial properties of a novel chitosan–Ag–nanoparticle composite.International Journal of Food Microbiology, 124,142–146.
Sedlarik, V., Galya, T., Sedlarikova, J., Valasek, P. and Saha, P. (2010). The effect of preparation temperature on the mechanical and antibacterial properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/silver nitrate films.Polymer Degradation and Stability, 95, 399–404.
Sheng, W.H., Chie, W.C., Chen, Y.C., Hung, C.C., Wang, J.T. and Chang, S.C. (2005). Impact of nosocomial infections on
medical costs, hospital stay, and outcome in hospitalized patients.Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 104(5),318–26.
Stamm, W.E. (1992). Nosocomial urinary tract infection In J.V. Benett and P.S. Brachman (Eds.). Hospital Infection (3rd ed.). Boston: Little Brown.
Zapata, P.A., Tamayo, L., Páez, M., Cerda, E., Azócar, I. and Rabagliati, F.M. (2011). Nanocomposites based on polyethylene and nanosilver particles produced by metallocenic ‘‘in situ’’ polymerization: synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial behavior. European Polymer Journal, 47, 1541–1549.
Clinical and standard Institute. (2010). Performanec standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Twentieth informational supplement. Document M100–S20. Wayne, PA: CLSI.
Dellit, T.H., Owens, R.C., McGowan, J.E., Gerding, D.N., Weinstein, R.A. and Burke, et al. (2007). Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Guidelines for Developing an Institutional Program to Enhance Antimicrobial Stewardship.Antimicrobial Stewardship Guidelines , 44, 159 – 177.
Hsu, S., Tseng, H. and Lin, Y. (2010). The biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of waterborne polyurethane–silver
nanocomposites. Biomaterials,31, 6796–6808.
Kuan, H.C., Ma, C.C.M., Chang, W.P., Yuen, S.M., Wu, H.H. and Lee, T.M. (2005). Synthesis, thermal, mechanical and
rheological properties of multiwall carbon nanotube/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite. Composites Science and Technology, 65, 1703–1710.
Lamba, N., Woodhouse, K. and Couper, S.L. (1998). Polyurethane in biomedical applications. U.S.A.: CRC Press.
Liu, J., Sonshine, J.A., Shervani, S. and Robert, H. (2010). Controlled Release of Biologically Active Silver from Nanosilver Surfaces. ASC Nano,4(11), 6903–6913.
Morones, J.R., Elechiguerra, J.L., Camacho, A., Holt, K., Kouri, J.B., Ramírez, J.T., et. al. (2005). The bactericidal
effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology, 16, 2346–2353.
Park, H., Kim, J.Y., Kim, J., Lee, J., Hahn, J., Gu, M.B., et. al. (2009). Silver–ion–mediated reactive oxygen species
generation affecting bactericidal activity.Water Research, 43, 1027–1032.
Paul, G., Sarkar, S., Pal, T., Das, P.K. and Manna, I. (2012). Concentration and size dependence of nano–silver dispersed water based nanofluids.Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,371, 20–27.
Sanpui, P., Murugadoss, A., Prasad, P.V.D., Ghosh, S.S. and Chattopadhyay, A. (2008). The antibacterial properties of a novel chitosan–Ag–nanoparticle composite.International Journal of Food Microbiology, 124,142–146.
Sedlarik, V., Galya, T., Sedlarikova, J., Valasek, P. and Saha, P. (2010). The effect of preparation temperature on the mechanical and antibacterial properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/silver nitrate films.Polymer Degradation and Stability, 95, 399–404.
Sheng, W.H., Chie, W.C., Chen, Y.C., Hung, C.C., Wang, J.T. and Chang, S.C. (2005). Impact of nosocomial infections on
medical costs, hospital stay, and outcome in hospitalized patients.Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 104(5),318–26.
Stamm, W.E. (1992). Nosocomial urinary tract infection In J.V. Benett and P.S. Brachman (Eds.). Hospital Infection (3rd ed.). Boston: Little Brown.
Zapata, P.A., Tamayo, L., Páez, M., Cerda, E., Azócar, I. and Rabagliati, F.M. (2011). Nanocomposites based on polyethylene and nanosilver particles produced by metallocenic ‘‘in situ’’ polymerization: synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial behavior. European Polymer Journal, 47, 1541–1549.
