Effect of Calcium Carbonate Addition on Hole Defect in Kab-Kluay Terracotta Roof Tile Products
Abstract
Calcium carbonate has some interesting qualities for applying in the terracotta roof tile product industry, but it could result in product defects, therefore, this studies to the consideration of calcium carbonate’s property in order to reduce the loss of products. This research purposed to study the composition, the chemical composition, the particle-size distribution, and the zeta potential of the raw materials for the production of Kab-Kluay terracotta roof tile products. According to the study of the composition, it was found that the 2θ was 25.76o, 28.76o, 29.47o, 32.06o, 32.88o, 34.21o, 39.77o 47.24o, 49.21o, and 50.99o; which are the diffraction pattern of calcium carbonate that confirm the cause of hole defect. From the analysis of the chemical composition of the 4 types of raw materials, which were ball clay, red ball clay, kaolin, and feldspar, then compose of silica, alumina, and hematite, respectively. The study of different calcium carbonate more than 20% by weight, it was found that the calcium carbonate has the size of particle less than 1.01, 0.96, and 1.09 µm have 10% by volume respectively, while the smaller size than 7.19, 7.35, and 9.21 µm having 50% by volume respectively. This results in a larger size compared to the formula used by the industrial factory and by adding 30% more of calcium carbonate by weight decreases particle diffusion by 4.42 and 3.56 respectively. Therefore, the addition formula with the best particle-size distribution was derived from the formula used by industrial factory combined with 20% by weight of calcium carbonate. Regarding the study of the zeta potential, it was found that calcium carbonate increases by 30% and 50% by weight cause a decrease of zeta potential without any significant differences at -57.8 and -58.0 mV, respectively. This may affect the clay particles agglomeration and plasticity of clay decrease. Keywords : calcium carbonate, particle-size distribution, zeta potential, hole defectReferences
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Alcântara, A.C.S., Beltrão, M.S.S., Oliveira, H.A., Gimenez, I.F., & Barreto, L.S. (2008). Characterization of Ceramic Tiles Prepared from Two Clays from Sergipe-Brazil. Applied Clay Science, 39(3-4), 160-165.
Boonyuen, S., Malaithong, M., Prokaew, A., Cherdhirunkorn, B., & Chuesantia, I. (2015). Decomposition Study of Calcium Carbonate in Shells. Thammasat Journals, 4(2), 115-122. (in Thai)
Boonyuen, S., Malaithong, M., Prokaew, A., Cherdhirunkorn, B., & Chuesantia, I. (2017). Utilization of Modified Waste Outer Lip of Turbo jourdani (Turbinidae) Shells for Biodiesel Production. Thammasat Journals, 24(6), 896-903. (in Thai)
Kaewkhao, J., & Kaewnuam, E. (2016). Comparative Study of Composition in Raw Clay Material for Pottery Industry in Ratchaburi. In Proceeding of The 8th NPRU National Academic Conference. (pp. 132-140). Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University: Nakhon Pathom. (in Thai)
Kamseu, E., Leonelli, C., Boccaccini, D.N., Veronesi, P., Miselli, P., Pellacani, G., & Chinje, M.U. (2007). Characterisation of Porcelain Compositions Using Two China Clays from Cameroon. Ceramics International, 33(5), 851-857.
Lawanwadeekul, S., & Ramingwon, K. (2012). Study of Ratio between Lampang Kaolin and Mae Tan Ball Clay on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Clay Slip. Industrial Technology Lampang Rajabhat University Journal, 5(2), 51-59. (in Thai)
Makul, S. (2015). Forensic analysis of soil samples by the X-RAY diffraction (XRD) method. Master of Science Thesis, Department of Forensic Science, Silpakorn University, 1-75. (in Thai)
Martirena, J.F., DAY, R.L., Betancourt, D., & Diaz, Y. (2006). Improvement of Engineering Properties of Fired Clay Bricks through the Addition of Calcite. Retrieved March 2, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/ profile/Yosvany_Diaz_Cardenas/publication/276831956_Improvement_of_Engineering_Properties_of_ Fired_Clay_Bricks_Through_the_Addition_of_Calcite/links/555a1b0908ae6fd2d8281dae/Improvement-of- Engineering-Properties-of-Fired-Clay-Bricks-Through-the-Addition-of-Calcite.pdf
Qi, F., Zhang, R., Liu, X., Niu, Y., Zhang, H., Li, H., Li, J., Wang, B., & Zhang, G., (2018). Soil Particle Size
Distribution Characteristics of Different Land-Use Types in the Funiu Mountainous Region. Soil & Tillage
Research, 184, 45-51.
Theerapapvisetpong, A., & Nilpairach, S. (2019). Development of Low Water Absorption Terracotta Roof Tile from Local Pottery Clay and Soda Lime Glass Cullet. The Journal of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, 29(2), 1-7. (in Thai)
Tonnisen, J.Y., Den Haan, E.J., Luger, H.J., & Dobie, M.J.D. (1985). Pier Foundations of the Saudi Arabia-Bahrain Causeway. In Proceedings of The 11th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. (pp. 1575-1578). Rotterdam: A.A.Balkema.
Vodova, L., Sokolar, R., & Hroudova, J. (2014). The Effect of CaO Addition on Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Tiles. International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 8(6), 717-720.
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Published
2020-01-15
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