Distribution Patterns of Arsenic in Groundwater Using Spatial Autocorrelation in Rural Area at Huai Kao Sarn Watershed Ubon Rachathani Province
Abstract
Arsenic is found in the natural environment as it is used in insecticides and pesticides for protection of rice. As part of this process, it has contaminated soil and groundwater, exposing people to its effects by touch, breathing, and drinking. This study aimed to assess the arsenic in groundwater and analyze the spatial distribution patterns of arsenic contamination by using spatial autocorrelation in groundwater. Groundwater data were collected from 31 wells with global positioning system (GPS). Arsenic contamination of the groundwater analyzed by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption. Spatial autocorrelation statistics were analyzed by Anselin Local Moran's I for the patterns of distribution of arsenic contamination. In addition, groundwater of arsenic contamination was modeled by indicator kriging method. The Results showed that 22 groundwater sources were contaminated with arsenic. The application of spatial correlation statistics with Moran's I revealed a cluster spatial pattern with statistical significance of arsenic in groundwater especially in the south of the study area. Keywords: arsenic, groundwater, spatial autocorrelationReferences
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APHA, AWWA, and WEF. (2012). Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Westewater. 22nd. Washington. American Public Health Association.
Bekti, R.B., Tanty, H., Herlina, T., Solihudin. (2014). Spatial Autocorrelation of Inorganic Compound in Groundwater. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, 10(6), 1-5.
Berg, M., Giger, W., Tram, H. C., Viet, P. H., Trang, P. T. K., and Schertenleib, R. (2006). Extent and severity of arsenic pollution in Vietnam and Cambodia In. Naidu R., E. Smith, G. Owens, P. Bhattacharya, P. Nadebaum (eds.). Managing arsenic in the environment: from soil to human health. CSIRO Publishing. Melbourne.
Berg, M., Tran, H.C., Nguyen, T.C., Pham, H.V., Schertenleib, R., and Giger, W. (2001). Arsenic contamination of groundwater and drinking water in Vietnam: A human health threat. Environ Sci Technol, 35(13), 2621-2626.EARRyU
Buschmann, J., Berg, M., Stengel, C., and Sampson, M.L. (2007). Arsenic and manganese contamination of drinking water resources in Cambodia: coincidence of risk areas with relief topography. Environ Sci Technol, 41(7), 2146-2152.
ESRI. ArcGIS 9.2 Desktop Help. 2008. Retrieved December 4, 2018, from
http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.2/index.cfm?topicName=welcome.
Goovaerts P., AvRuskin G., Meliker J., Slotnick M., Jacquez G., Nriage J. (2005). Geostatistical modeling of the spatial variability of arsenic in groundwater of southeast Michigan. Water Resources Research, 41, 1-19.
Jaymie R, R.M. Gillian A.A. Melissa J.S., Pierre G., David S., Geoffrey M.J., Jerome O.N. (2008). Validity of Spatial Models of Arsenic Concentrations in Private Well Water, 106(1), 42-50.
Liu C.W., Jang C.S., Liao C.M. (2004). Evaluation of arsenic contamination potential using indicator kriging in the Yun-Lin aquifer (Taiwan). Science of the Total Environment, 321, 173-188.
Manzurul H.M., and Atkins P.J. (2011). Application of Geostatistics with Indicator Kriging for analyzing spatial variability of groundwater arsenic concentrations in Southwest Bangladesh. Environmental Science and Health a Toxic Hazardous Substances&Environmental Engineering, 46(11), 1185-96.
National Environment Board. (2018). Retrieved December 4, 2018, from http://www.reo4.go.th/upload/REO4-202.pdf
Pranee, P. and Piyada, S. (2012). Groundwater Quality and Arsenic Contamination in Amphoe Khemmarat, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 1(2A), 133-141.
Resource Center. (2018). Arsenic and environmental. Retrieved December 4, 2018, from
http://elib.fda.moph.go.th/2008/default.asp?page2=subdetail&id_L1=27&id_L2=15589&id_L3=597.
Shiv, S., Uma, S., and Shikha. (2014). Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater: A review of sources, Prevalence, Health Risks, and Strategies for Mitigation. The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2014, Article ID 304524, 18 page. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/304524.
Smedley, P.L., Kinniburgh, D.G. (2002). A review of the source, behavior and distribution of arsenic in natural waters. Applied Geochemistry, 17(5), 517-568.
Suda, V. (2006). Arsenic Poisoning. P&D Information bulletin, 14(3), 27 – 36. (in Thai)
Welch, A.H., Lico, M.S., Hughes, J.L. (1988). Arsenic in groundwater of the western United States. Ground Water, 26(3), 333-347.
Thaveevouthti, T., Sriworamas, K., Sriworamas, R. (2010). Water Shortage Map of Haui Kao San, Ubon
Ratchathani. National Convention on Civil Engineering 15th. 12-14 May 2010. Ubonratchathani.
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Published
2019-01-25
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