Development of a Bubble Column Photobioreactor for Microalgal Culture
Abstract
A bubble column photobioreactor (BCPBR) was developed to cultivate microalgae providing high specific growth rate, specific productivity and fatty acid content. Chlorococum humicola TISTR 8551 was obtained from TISTR. The BCPBR was fabricated from a clear acrylic column with a working volume of 10 L and a column heightto diameter ratio of 4.0. The microalgae was grown under batch and semi-continuous cultivations in BG-11 mixed with trace metal solution (TMS) 1 mL/1 L of culture broth while pH was maintained within a range of 6.5 – 8.5 at 28-32 oC. An initial optical density of cell was 0.1 and air was fed into the BCPBR for 24 h. Light was obtained from cool-white fluorescence with an intensity of 3,500 lux with light and dark period of 12 h/12 h. The culture period of batch cultivation was 14 days and these for semi-continuous cultivation were three culture broth replaced length of 3, 5 and 7 days. It was found that the highest specific growth rate of 0.162 day-1 was obtained from batch cultivation. The length of culture broth replacement exhibited little effect on the specific growth rate during semi-continuous cultivations. The specific productivity of 0.742 g L-1 day-1 gained from batch cultivation was higher than those of semi-continuous cultivations. This was due to all the length of culture broth replacement periods were not long enough to provide the algae to growth efficiently. These experimental results indicated that the batch cultivation was better condition. However, an amount of accumulated fatty acid obtained from both batch and semi-continuous cultivations was slightly different with 20-26 percent of accumulated cell dry weight. Keywords : green microalgae, photobioreactor, specific growth rate, specific productivityReferences
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Algal Research, 15, 65-76.
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(in Thai)
Vaičiulytė, S., Padovani, G., Kostkevičienė, J. & Carlozzi, P., (2014). Batch growth of Chlorella Vulgaris CCALA 869 versus semi-continuous regimen for enhancing oil-rich biomass productivity. Energies, 7, 3840-3857.
Williams, J.A., (2002). Keys to bioreactor selections. Chemical Engineering Progress, 98(3), 34-41.
Yadala, S. & Cremaschi, S., (2014). Design and optimization of artificial cultivation units for algae production. Energies, 78, 23-39.
Yang, Z., Pei, H., Han, F., Wang, Y., Hou, Q. & Chen, Y., (2018). Effects of air bubble size on algal growth rate and lipid accumulation using fine-pore diffuser photobioreactors. Algal Research, 32, 293-299.
Blight, E.G. & Dyer, W.J., (1959). A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 37(8), 911-917.
Boussiba, A. & Vonshak, A., (1991). Astaxantin accumulation in the green alga Haematococcus pluviaris. Plant Cell Physiology, 32(7), 1077-1082.
Chen, C.-Y., Yeh, K.-L., Aisyah, R., Lee, D.-J. , & Chang, J.-S., (2011). Cultivation, photobioreactor design and harvesting for biodiesel production: A critical review. Bioresource Technology, 102, 71-81.
Doran, P.M., (2013). Bioprocess Engineering Principles (2nd edition). United Kingdom: Elsevier Ltd.
Fan, L.S., (1989). Gas Liquid-Solid Fluidization Engineering. (H. Brenner Editor, 1st edition). United Kingdom: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Hata, N., Ogbonna, J.C., Haswgawa, Y., Taroda, H. & Tanaka, H., (2001). Production of astraxantin by Haematococcus pluvialis in a sequential heteroytopic-photoautotropic culture. Journal of Applied Phycology, 13, 393-402.
Kadic, E., (2014). An introduction to bioreactor hydrodynamics and gas-liquid mass transfer. New Jersey: Wiley.
Kantarci, N., Borak, F., & Ulgen, K.O., (2004). Bubble column reactors Review. Process Biochemistry, 40,
2263-2283.
Khoo, C.G., Lam, M.K. & Lee, K.T., (2016). Pilot-scale semi-continuous cultivation of microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris in bubble column photobioreactor (BC-PBR): Hydrodynamics and gas–liquid mass transfer study.
Algal Research, 15, 65-76.
Krichnavaruk, S., Loataweesup, W., Powtongsook, S. & Pavasant, P., (2005). Optimal growth conditions and cultivation of Chaetoceros calcitrans in airlift photobioreactor. Chemical Engineering Journal, 105, 91-98.
Merchuk, J.C., Gluz, M. & Mukmenev, I., (2000). Comparison of photobioreactor for cultivation of microalga Porphyridium sp. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 75, 1119-1126.
Monfet, E. & Unc., A., (2017). Defining wastewaters used for cultivation of algae. Algal Research, 24, 520-528.
Monkonsit, S., Powtongsook, S. & Pavasant, P. (2011). Comparison between airlift photobioreactor and bubble column for Skeletonema costatum cultivation. Engineering Journal, 15(4), 53-64.
Shaikh, A. & Al-Dahhan, M.H., (2007). A review on flow regime transition in bubble columns. International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering, 5, R5, 1-70.
Strickland, J.D.H. & Parsons, T.R., (1972). A Practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Canada: Alger Press Ltd.
Wannasutthiwat, S., (2014). Growth and enhancement of carotenoids production in microalga Chlorococcum Humicola in continuous condition. MEng Thesis. Bangkok: Graduate school, Chulalongkorn University.
(in Thai)
Vaičiulytė, S., Padovani, G., Kostkevičienė, J. & Carlozzi, P., (2014). Batch growth of Chlorella Vulgaris CCALA 869 versus semi-continuous regimen for enhancing oil-rich biomass productivity. Energies, 7, 3840-3857.
Williams, J.A., (2002). Keys to bioreactor selections. Chemical Engineering Progress, 98(3), 34-41.
Yadala, S. & Cremaschi, S., (2014). Design and optimization of artificial cultivation units for algae production. Energies, 78, 23-39.
Yang, Z., Pei, H., Han, F., Wang, Y., Hou, Q. & Chen, Y., (2018). Effects of air bubble size on algal growth rate and lipid accumulation using fine-pore diffuser photobioreactors. Algal Research, 32, 293-299.
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2019-05-13
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บทความวิจัยจากการประชุมวิชาการวิศวกรรมเคมีและเคมีประยุกต์ระดับนานาชาติ ครั้งที่ 8 และแห่งประเทศไทย ครั้งที่ 28
