Relationship between Water Qualities and Phytoplankton at Coastal Area Phetchaburi Province, Thailand
Abstract
This research aimed to study relationship between water qualities and phytoplankton at coastal area Phetchaburi Province. Samples of seawater in Phetchaburi coastal area from Bang Ta-boon bay to Laem Phak Bia project, Ban Laem, Phetchaburi province during the distance of 85 km, 6 station in November 2016. The results showed that water quality was in the standard of coastal sea water for aquaculture. Phytoplankton was found in 29 species of 2 Division. Division Cyanophyta (blue-green algae) found 1 species is Oscillatoria sp. Class Bacillariophyceae (diatom) which in division chromophyta found 20 species and Class Dinophyceae (dinoflagellates) found 8 species. The dominant species were Ceratium furca, Odontella sinensis and Coscinodiscus sp. From the sampling stations all along the coast, it was found that the Klong E-Ed sample point, which the most abundant phytoplankton. Correlation analysis using person correlation between water quality and phytoplankton. It was found that phytoplankton was positive related to calcium silicate and ammonium at Bang Ta-boon area (r = 0.885, 0.892 p<0.05). Ban Laem area phytoplankton was negative related to temperature (r=-0.893, p<0.05). Bangkaew area phytoplankton was positive related to salinity (r = 0.996, p <0.05). Klong E-ED area phytoplankton was positive related to temperature ammonium and phosphate (r=0.875, 0.856, 0.819, p<0.05) and Wat Samut Tharam area phytoplankton was negative related to salinity (r=-0.976, p<0.01) Keywords : water quality, phytoplankton, relationship, coastal Petchaburi ProvinceReferences
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APHA, AWWA and WEF. (2005). Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater 21 sted.).Washington, D.C.
Azam, F,Hemmingsen, B.B. and Volcani, B.E. (1974).Role of silicon in diatom matabolisim V.Silicic acid transport and metabolism in the heterotrophic diatom Nitzschia alba. Arch Microbiol., 97, 103-114.
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London.
Climate Center Meteorological Development Office. (2017). Climate in Phetchaburi Province.
Retrieved September 9, 2018, from https://www.tmd.go.th/province.php?id=70 (in Thai).
Durbin, E.G. (1977). Studies on the autecology of the marine diatom Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii. II.
The influence of cell size on growth rate, and carbon, nitrogen, chlorophyll a and silica content.
J. Phycol.,13,150-155.
Eppley, R.W.,Holmes. R.w. and Paasche, E. (1967). Periodicity in cell division and physiological behavior of Ditylum brightwelli, a marine planktonic diatom, during growth in light and dark cycles. Arch. Mikrobiol. , 56, 305-323.
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from http://www1.fisheries.go.th/it-stat/images/stories/marine_shellfish/Shellfish2557.pdf (in Thai).
Fogg, G.E. (1980). Phytoplanktonic Primary Production. In R.S.K.
Janon S. (2009). Effects of Community Activities to Water Quality in Phetchaburi River,Phetchaburi Province. Master of Science in Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Jantima T. (2002). Species Quantity and Distirbution of Benthos and Plankton in Natural Mangrove at Royal Leam Pak Project. Master of Science in Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Ladda W. and Sopana B.(1987). Plankton . Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok. (in Thai)
Malviya, S., Scalcob, E., Audicc, S., Vincenta, F., Veluchamya, A., Poulaind, J., Winckerd, P.,Iudiconeb, D., Vargasc, de C., Bittnera, L., Zingoneb, A. and Bowlera, C. (2016). Insightsinto global diatom distribution and diversity in the world’s ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113 (11): E1516–E1525.
Mehard,C.W., Sullivan,C.W. Azam, F. and Volcani, B.E.. (1974). Role of silicon in diatom metabolism. IV. Subcellular localization of silicon in germanium in Nitzschia alba and Cylindrotheca fusiformis. Physiologia Pl., 30, 256-272.
Mitree D. and Jaruwan S. (1985). Water properties and analysis methods for research. National Institute of Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, Bangkok. P 115. (in Thai)
Nelson, D.M., Goering, JJ., Kilham, SS. and Guillard, R.R.L. (1976). Kinetic of silicic acid uptake and rates of silica dissolution in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana.J. Phycol., 12,246-252.
Nikom L. (2004). Nutrients that limit the biomass of phytoplankton in the Songkha lake. Master of Science in Prince of Songkla University. (in Thai)
Padungkart U. (1998). Potential of Phetchaburi River to Support the Excess Wastewater from Waste Water Collection System, Phetchaburi Province. Master of Science in Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Pongsak N. and Ratcha C. (2014). Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on eutrophication in water sources and removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. Engineering of Khonkaen University Journal, 27(88), 57 – 67.
(in Thai)
Pramarn P. (1988). Limnology. Kasetsart University, Bangkok. (in Thai)
Raymont, J.E.G. (1963). Plankton and Productivity in the Oceans, Pergamon Press Ltd., Oxford.
Sateinpong K. (2016). Influencing of Treated Domestic Effluent on Ecological Niche, Growth and Life Cycle of Hard Clams (Meretrix spp.) Doctor of Philosophy Thesis. Kasetsart University, Thailand. (in Thai)
Sea water quality standards. Retrieved September 9, (2018), from
http://www.pcd.go.th/info_serv/reg_std_water02.html (in Thai)
Seepha, T. (2010). Environmental Impacts Study and Coastal Zone Management : Coastal Area at Phetchaburi Province. Journal of Science and Technology, 18(1),51-60.(in Thai)
Smayda, T.J. (1983). The Phytoplankton of the Estuary. Estuaries and Enclosed Seas. Elsevier Scientific Publishing, Amsterdam. 65-02.
Sompong D. (1995). Phytopathology. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen. (in Thai)
Wanjai L., Kasem C., Ittiphol R., Thanit P., Watcharapong W., and Noppawan S. (2016). Settlement Pattern of Riverbanks Community Affects Water Quality of Phetchaburi River, Phetchaburi Province. Journal of Social Science Srinakharinwirot University, 20, 313-331. (in Thai)
Wattana U. (1998). Sea Shall .Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University.
(in Thai)
Werner, D. (1977). Silicate metabolism. In : The biology of diatoms. Werner D.(eds.) University of California Press, Berkely. pp. 110-149.
Wetzel, R.G. (1983). Limnology. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
Wintermans, J.F.G.M. and DeMots A. (1965). Spectrophotometric characteristics of chlorophyll a and b and their pheophytins in ethanol. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 109, 448–453.
Ussadon Kammung. (2010). Guidelines for Developing Eutectic Monitoring Kit in Simple Freshwater Resources: A Case Study of Pathum Thani and Nakhon Nayok Provinces. Faculty of Social and Scientific Studies Graduate Institute of Management Studies. (in Thai)
APHA, AWWA and WEF. (2005). Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater 21 sted.).Washington, D.C.
Azam, F,Hemmingsen, B.B. and Volcani, B.E. (1974).Role of silicon in diatom matabolisim V.Silicic acid transport and metabolism in the heterotrophic diatom Nitzschia alba. Arch Microbiol., 97, 103-114.
Barnes and K.H. mann. (1980). Fundamentals of Aquatic Ecosystem. Blankwell Scientific Publication,
London.
Climate Center Meteorological Development Office. (2017). Climate in Phetchaburi Province.
Retrieved September 9, 2018, from https://www.tmd.go.th/province.php?id=70 (in Thai).
Durbin, E.G. (1977). Studies on the autecology of the marine diatom Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii. II.
The influence of cell size on growth rate, and carbon, nitrogen, chlorophyll a and silica content.
J. Phycol.,13,150-155.
Eppley, R.W.,Holmes. R.w. and Paasche, E. (1967). Periodicity in cell division and physiological behavior of Ditylum brightwelli, a marine planktonic diatom, during growth in light and dark cycles. Arch. Mikrobiol. , 56, 305-323.
Fisheries Information Center. (2015). Fisheries Statistics of Thailand 2014. Retrieved September 9, 2018,
from http://www1.fisheries.go.th/it-stat/images/stories/marine_shellfish/Shellfish2557.pdf (in Thai).
Fogg, G.E. (1980). Phytoplanktonic Primary Production. In R.S.K.
Janon S. (2009). Effects of Community Activities to Water Quality in Phetchaburi River,Phetchaburi Province. Master of Science in Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Jantima T. (2002). Species Quantity and Distirbution of Benthos and Plankton in Natural Mangrove at Royal Leam Pak Project. Master of Science in Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Ladda W. and Sopana B.(1987). Plankton . Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok. (in Thai)
Malviya, S., Scalcob, E., Audicc, S., Vincenta, F., Veluchamya, A., Poulaind, J., Winckerd, P.,Iudiconeb, D., Vargasc, de C., Bittnera, L., Zingoneb, A. and Bowlera, C. (2016). Insightsinto global diatom distribution and diversity in the world’s ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113 (11): E1516–E1525.
Mehard,C.W., Sullivan,C.W. Azam, F. and Volcani, B.E.. (1974). Role of silicon in diatom metabolism. IV. Subcellular localization of silicon in germanium in Nitzschia alba and Cylindrotheca fusiformis. Physiologia Pl., 30, 256-272.
Mitree D. and Jaruwan S. (1985). Water properties and analysis methods for research. National Institute of Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, Bangkok. P 115. (in Thai)
Nelson, D.M., Goering, JJ., Kilham, SS. and Guillard, R.R.L. (1976). Kinetic of silicic acid uptake and rates of silica dissolution in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana.J. Phycol., 12,246-252.
Nikom L. (2004). Nutrients that limit the biomass of phytoplankton in the Songkha lake. Master of Science in Prince of Songkla University. (in Thai)
Padungkart U. (1998). Potential of Phetchaburi River to Support the Excess Wastewater from Waste Water Collection System, Phetchaburi Province. Master of Science in Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Pongsak N. and Ratcha C. (2014). Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on eutrophication in water sources and removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. Engineering of Khonkaen University Journal, 27(88), 57 – 67.
(in Thai)
Pramarn P. (1988). Limnology. Kasetsart University, Bangkok. (in Thai)
Raymont, J.E.G. (1963). Plankton and Productivity in the Oceans, Pergamon Press Ltd., Oxford.
Sateinpong K. (2016). Influencing of Treated Domestic Effluent on Ecological Niche, Growth and Life Cycle of Hard Clams (Meretrix spp.) Doctor of Philosophy Thesis. Kasetsart University, Thailand. (in Thai)
Sea water quality standards. Retrieved September 9, (2018), from
http://www.pcd.go.th/info_serv/reg_std_water02.html (in Thai)
Seepha, T. (2010). Environmental Impacts Study and Coastal Zone Management : Coastal Area at Phetchaburi Province. Journal of Science and Technology, 18(1),51-60.(in Thai)
Smayda, T.J. (1983). The Phytoplankton of the Estuary. Estuaries and Enclosed Seas. Elsevier Scientific Publishing, Amsterdam. 65-02.
Sompong D. (1995). Phytopathology. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen. (in Thai)
Wanjai L., Kasem C., Ittiphol R., Thanit P., Watcharapong W., and Noppawan S. (2016). Settlement Pattern of Riverbanks Community Affects Water Quality of Phetchaburi River, Phetchaburi Province. Journal of Social Science Srinakharinwirot University, 20, 313-331. (in Thai)
Wattana U. (1998). Sea Shall .Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University.
(in Thai)
Werner, D. (1977). Silicate metabolism. In : The biology of diatoms. Werner D.(eds.) University of California Press, Berkely. pp. 110-149.
Wetzel, R.G. (1983). Limnology. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
Wintermans, J.F.G.M. and DeMots A. (1965). Spectrophotometric characteristics of chlorophyll a and b and their pheophytins in ethanol. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 109, 448–453.
Ussadon Kammung. (2010). Guidelines for Developing Eutectic Monitoring Kit in Simple Freshwater Resources: A Case Study of Pathum Thani and Nakhon Nayok Provinces. Faculty of Social and Scientific Studies Graduate Institute of Management Studies. (in Thai)
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2019-01-25
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