Development of a Method for Antioxidant Activity Analysis Using Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Abstract
This work presents an iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) for antioxidant activity analysis for the first time. The analysis of antioxidant activity is based on quenching ability of the antioxidant to the reactive oxygen species produced from the reaction of Fe3O4 NPs and H2O2 which are normally react with 3,3’,5,5’tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) resulting in color change. In the presence of antioxidant, the reactive oxygen species are captured resulting in lower degree of color intensity of TMB which is proportional to the antioxidant activity. Firstly, Fe3O4 NPs concentration and reaction time were optimized. Using optimal condition, gallic acid, used as an antioxidant standard, was analyzed using the developed method to study the analytical performance and antioxidant behavior. The linearity was in the concentration range of 0.2-0.8 mM with a limit of detection of 0.2 mM. The reproducibility from the analysis of GA at concentrations of 0.2, 0.5 and 0.6 mM was observed with the relative standard deviation (% RSD) in the range of 6.6 - 16.1 % (n = 5). Finally, the developed method was validated against the traditional DPPH assay from antioxidant activity analysis of 7 fruit samples. The results showed that the antioxidant activity obtained from the two methods were well correlated indicating that the developed method is promising to be an alternative method for antioxidant activity analysis in real samples. Keywords : iron oxide nanoparticles, antioxidants, peroxidase-like activityReferences
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Babu, D., Gurumurthy, P., Borra, S. K., & Cherian, K. M. (2013). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of triphala determined by using different in vitro models. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7(39),
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Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E., & Berset, C. L. W. T. (1995). Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food science and Technology, 28(1), 25-30.
Burda, C., Chen, X., Narayanan, R., & El-Sayed, M. A. (2005). Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. Chemical Reviews, 105(4), 1025-1102.
Chen, Z., Yin, J. J., Zhou, Y. T., Zhang, Y., Song, L., Song, M., Hut, S., & Gu, N. (2012). Dual enzyme-like activities of iron oxide nanoparticles and their implication for diminishing cytotoxicity. Acs Nano, 6(5), 4001-4012.
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Dudonné, S., Vitrac, X., Coutiere, P., Woillez, M., & Mérillon, J. M. (2009). Comparative study of antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of 30 plant extracts of industrial interest using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC assays. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(5), 1768-1774.
Floegel, A., Kim, D. O., Chung, S. J., Koo, S. I., & Chun, O. K. (2011). Comparison of ABTS/DPPH assays to measure antioxidant capacity in popular antioxidant-rich US foods. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 24(7), 1043-1048.
Gao, L., Zhuang, J., Nie, L., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Gu, N., Wang, T., Feng, J., Yang, D., Perrett, S., & Yan, X. (2007). Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Nature nanotechnology,
2(9), 577.
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Pardue, H. L. (1977). A comprehensive classification of kinetic methods of analysis used in clinical chemistry. Clinical Chemistry, 23(12), 2189-2201.
Pham-Huy, L. A., He, H., & Pham-Huy, C. (2008). Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health. International Journal of Biomedical Science: IJBS, 4(2), 89.
Que, F., Mao, L. C., & Zheng, X. J. (2007). In vitro and vivo antioxidant activities of daylily flowers and the involvement of phenolic compounds. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 16(S1), 196-203.
Scalfi, L., Fogliano, V., Pentangelo, A., Graziani, G., Giordano, I., & Ritieni, A. (2000). Antioxidant activity and general fruit characteristics in different ecotypes of Corbarini small tomatoes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48(4), 1363-1366.
Scott, D. A., Poston, R. N., Wilson, R. F., Coward, P. Y., & Palmer, R. M. (2005). The influence of vitamin C on systemic markers of endothelial and inflammatory cell activation in smokers and non-smokers. Inflammation Research, 54(3), 138-144.
Sies, H., Stahl, W., & Sundquist, A. R. (1992). Antioxidant functions of vitamins. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 669(1), 7-20.
Thaipong, K., Boonprakob, U., Crosby, K., Cisneros-Zevallos, L., & Byrne, D. H. (2006). Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19(6-7), 669-675.
Wang, N., Zhu, L., Wang, D., Wang, M., Lin, Z., & Tang, H. (2010). Sono-assisted preparation of highly-efficient peroxidase-like Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles for catalytic removal of organic pollutants with H2O2. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 17(3), 526-533
Wojtunik-Kulesza, K. A., Oniszczuk, A., Oniszczuk, T., & Waksmundzka-Hajnos, M. (2016). The influence of common free radicals and antioxidants on development of Alzheimer’s Disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 78, 39-49.
Babu, D., Gurumurthy, P., Borra, S. K., & Cherian, K. M. (2013). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of triphala determined by using different in vitro models. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7(39),
2898-2905.
Badhani, B., Sharma, N., & Kakkar, R. (2015). Gallic acid: a versatile antioxidant with promising therapeutic and industrial applications. Rsc Advances, 5(35), 27540-27557.
Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E., & Berset, C. L. W. T. (1995). Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food science and Technology, 28(1), 25-30.
Burda, C., Chen, X., Narayanan, R., & El-Sayed, M. A. (2005). Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. Chemical Reviews, 105(4), 1025-1102.
Chen, Z., Yin, J. J., Zhou, Y. T., Zhang, Y., Song, L., Song, M., Hut, S., & Gu, N. (2012). Dual enzyme-like activities of iron oxide nanoparticles and their implication for diminishing cytotoxicity. Acs Nano, 6(5), 4001-4012.
Committee, A. P. V. M. A. (1998). AOAC Peer Verified Methods Program–Manual on Policies and Procedures. AOAC International, Gaithersburg, USA, 1-35.
Dudonné, S., Vitrac, X., Coutiere, P., Woillez, M., & Mérillon, J. M. (2009). Comparative study of antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of 30 plant extracts of industrial interest using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC assays. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(5), 1768-1774.
Floegel, A., Kim, D. O., Chung, S. J., Koo, S. I., & Chun, O. K. (2011). Comparison of ABTS/DPPH assays to measure antioxidant capacity in popular antioxidant-rich US foods. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 24(7), 1043-1048.
Gao, L., Zhuang, J., Nie, L., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Gu, N., Wang, T., Feng, J., Yang, D., Perrett, S., & Yan, X. (2007). Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Nature nanotechnology,
2(9), 577.
Halliwell, B. (1999). Antioxidant defence mechanisms: from the beginning to the end (of the beginning). Free Radical Research, 31(4), 261-272.
Hamid, A. A., Aiyelaagbe, O. O., Usman, L. A., Ameen, O. M., & Lawal, A. (2010). Antioxidants: Its medicinal and pharmacological applications. African Journal of pure and applied Chemistry, 4(8), 142-151.
Mahantesh, S. P., Gangawane, A. K., & Patil, C. S. (2012). Free radicals, antioxidants, diseases and phytomedicines in human health: Future prospects. World Research Journal of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, 1(1), 6-10.
Mauter, M. S., & Elimelech, M. (2008). Environmental applications of carbon-based nanomaterials. Environmental Science & Technology, 42(16), 5843-5859.
Pardue, H. L. (1977). A comprehensive classification of kinetic methods of analysis used in clinical chemistry. Clinical Chemistry, 23(12), 2189-2201.
Pham-Huy, L. A., He, H., & Pham-Huy, C. (2008). Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health. International Journal of Biomedical Science: IJBS, 4(2), 89.
Que, F., Mao, L. C., & Zheng, X. J. (2007). In vitro and vivo antioxidant activities of daylily flowers and the involvement of phenolic compounds. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 16(S1), 196-203.
Scalfi, L., Fogliano, V., Pentangelo, A., Graziani, G., Giordano, I., & Ritieni, A. (2000). Antioxidant activity and general fruit characteristics in different ecotypes of Corbarini small tomatoes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48(4), 1363-1366.
Scott, D. A., Poston, R. N., Wilson, R. F., Coward, P. Y., & Palmer, R. M. (2005). The influence of vitamin C on systemic markers of endothelial and inflammatory cell activation in smokers and non-smokers. Inflammation Research, 54(3), 138-144.
Sies, H., Stahl, W., & Sundquist, A. R. (1992). Antioxidant functions of vitamins. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 669(1), 7-20.
Thaipong, K., Boonprakob, U., Crosby, K., Cisneros-Zevallos, L., & Byrne, D. H. (2006). Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19(6-7), 669-675.
Wang, N., Zhu, L., Wang, D., Wang, M., Lin, Z., & Tang, H. (2010). Sono-assisted preparation of highly-efficient peroxidase-like Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles for catalytic removal of organic pollutants with H2O2. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 17(3), 526-533
Wojtunik-Kulesza, K. A., Oniszczuk, A., Oniszczuk, T., & Waksmundzka-Hajnos, M. (2016). The influence of common free radicals and antioxidants on development of Alzheimer’s Disease. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 78, 39-49.
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2018-11-20
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