Yeast in Mangrove Forest Soil from the Central Thailand and Its Ability in the Degradation of Starch, Carboxymethylcellulose and Xylan
Abstract
This research aims to isolate yeasts from mangrove forest soil in central region of Thailand, Bangkok, Samut Prakan, Samut Songkhram and Samut Sakorn, by using enrichment technique. A total number of 124 yeast isolates were obtained from fifty soil samples. Degradation of starch, carboxymethyl cellulose and xylan of all isolates were determined. An isolate, Trichosporon asahii (isolate TA 2.4), was able to hydrolyze all of the three organic compounds, whereas, Candida thaimueangensis (isolate TA 2.2) and 13 isolates of Candida tropicalis were able to hydrolyze carboxymethyl cellulose and xylan. In addition, we also found that 15 isolates of Candida tropicalis and Pichia kudriavzevii (isolate PJ 4.1) could hydrolyze only carboxymethyl cellulose. Four strains of Candida tropicalis (isolate BT 1.4, KM 6.1, SS 1.2 and TA 1.2) and Galactomyces candidum (isolate PJ 1.5) hydrolyzed only xylan. Candida tropicalis (isolate SS 13.3 and SS 14.2) particularly hydrolyzed starch. Keywords : yeast, mangrove forest, starch, carboxymethylcellulose, xylanReferences
Am-In, S., Limtong, S., Yongmanitchai, W. and Jindamorakot, S. (2011). Candida andamanensis sp. nov.,
Candida laemsonensis sp. nov. and Candida ranongensis sp. nov., anamorphic yeast species isolated from estuarine waters in a Thai mangrove forest. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 61, 454-461.
Am-In, S., Yongmanitchai, W. and Limtong, S. (2008). Kluyveromyces siamensis sp. nov., a novel
ascomycetous yeast species isolated from water in mangrove forest in Ranong Province, Thailand.
FEMS Yeast Res, 8, 823-828.
Boonmak, C. (2009). Diversity of yeast in water and sediment from mangrove forest in the upper coast of the
Gulf of Thailand. Master of Science (Microbiology). Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Brandao, L.R., Libkind, D., Vaz, A.B., Espírito Santo, L.C., Moliné, M., de García, V., (2011). Yeasts from an
oligotrophic lak e in Patagonia (Argentina) : diversity, distribution and synthesis of photoprotective compounds and extracellular enzymes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 76, 1-13.
Carrasco, M., Villarreal, P., Barahona, S., Alcaíno, J., Cifuentes, V. and Baeza, M. (2016). Screening and
characterization of amylase and cellulase activities in psychrotolerant yeasts. BMC Microbiology, 16(21), DOI 10.1186/s12866-016-0640-8.
Chanklan, R., Kungkaew, P., Am-In, S. & Jindamorakot, S. (2012). Diversity of yeasts in the Nature Education
Center for mangrove Conservation and Ecotourism, Chonburi Province. Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 1(3), 155-168. (in Thai)
George, S.P., Ahmad, A. and Rao, M.B. (2001). Studies on carboxy methyl cellulose produced by an
Alkalothermophilic actinomycete. Bioresource Technology, 77(2), 171–175.
Heldt, H.M.and Heldt, F. (2005). Plant Biochemistry, 3rd edition. Elsevier. Amsterdam.
Hermansyah, N. and Wiraningsih, M. (2016). Bioethanol production from cellulose by Candida tropicalis,
as an alternative microbial agent to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. Sriwijaya Journal of Environment, 1(1), 10-13.
Jamai, L. and Ettayebi, M. (2013). Bioethanol production process using the non-conventional yeast Candida
tropicalis. 2013 International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), 477-481. Retrieved March 20, 2017, from IEEE Xplore.
Kaewwichian, R. (2009). Diversity of yeast in forest soil in the north eastern part of Thailand and their ability in
degradation of organic compounds. Master of Science (Microbiology). Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Kurtzman, C.P. and Robnett, C.J. (1998). Identification and phylogeny of ascomycetous yeasts from analysis
of nuclear large subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA partial sequences. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 73,
331-371.
Kurtzman, C.P., Fell, J.W. and Boekhout, T. (2011). The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, 5th edition. Elsevier:
Amsterdam.
Lachance, M. A., Bowles, J. M. Starmer, W. T. and Baker, S. F. 1999. Kodamaea kadaduensis and Candida
tolerans, two new ascomycetous yeast species from Australian Hibiscus flowers. Can J Microbiol, 45,172–177.
Limtong, S. and Yongmanitchai, W. (2010). Candida chanthaburiensis sp. nov., Candida kungkrabaensis sp.
nov. and Candida suratensis sp. nov., three novel yeast species from decaying plant materials submerged in water of mangrove forests. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 98, 379-388.
Limtong, S., Yongmanitchai, W., Kawasaki, H. and Seki, T. (2007). Candida thaimueangensis sp. nov., an
anamorphic yeast species from estuarine water in a mangrove forest in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 57, 650-653.
Limtong, S., Youngmanitchai, W., Kawasaki, H. and Seki, T. (2008). Candida phangngensis sp. nov.,
an anamorphic yeast species in the Yarrowia clade, isolated from water in mangrove forests in
Phang - Nga Province, Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 58, 515-519.
Nakase, T., Jindamorakot, S. Am-In, S. Potacharoen, W., and Tanticharoen, M. (2006). Yeast biodiversity in
tropical forests of Asia. In Rosa, C. A., Peter, G. (Eds.), Biodiversity and Ecophysiology of Yeasts. Springer: Germany, 441-460.
Prasatsri, K. (2006). Identification of Yeast isolated from organic matter in mangrove forest by conventional
and molecular taxonomy. Master of Science (Microbiology). Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Sinjaroonsak, S. (2011). Production of cellulose and xylanase by Bacillus subtilis and application for oil
separation from palm oil mill effluent. Master of Science in Biotechnology. Prince of Songkla University. (in Thai)
Soetarto, E.S. (1998). Xylan degrading enzymes of the yeast Candida tropicalis strain R1. Indonesian
Journal of Biotechnology, 173-179.
Sulman, S. and Rehman, A. (2013). Isolation and characterization of cellulose degrading Candida tropicalis
W2 from environmental samples. Pakistan J Zool, 45(3), 809-816.
Sumpradit, T. (2009). Yeast diversity in soils collected in the Hill Evergreen Forest and the Pine Forest
of Nam Nao National Park. Complete report sponsored by Medical science, Naresuan University.
(in Thai)
Thongekkaew, J., Khumsap, A. and Chatsanga, P. (2012). Yeasts in mixed deciduous forest areas of Phujong
Nayoy National Park and their ability to produce xylanase and carboxymethyl cellulase. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol, 34(2), 157-163.
Thongekkaew, J. and Kongsanthia, J. (2016). Screening and identification of cellulase producing yeast from Rongkho Forest, Ubon Ratchathani University. Bioengineering and Bioscience, 4(3), 29-33.
Tran T. N. N. (2014). Isolation and screening of aerobic microorganisms that produce pectinase and
cellulase from cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao). B.S.Thesis, Vietnam National University Hochimine
City International University.
Witkowska, D. and Piegza, M. (2006). Capability of Geotrichum candidum yeasts for cellulases and
xylanases. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, Retrieved December 10, 2014,
from http://www.ejpau.media.pl/ volume9/issue4/art-41.html.
Candida laemsonensis sp. nov. and Candida ranongensis sp. nov., anamorphic yeast species isolated from estuarine waters in a Thai mangrove forest. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 61, 454-461.
Am-In, S., Yongmanitchai, W. and Limtong, S. (2008). Kluyveromyces siamensis sp. nov., a novel
ascomycetous yeast species isolated from water in mangrove forest in Ranong Province, Thailand.
FEMS Yeast Res, 8, 823-828.
Boonmak, C. (2009). Diversity of yeast in water and sediment from mangrove forest in the upper coast of the
Gulf of Thailand. Master of Science (Microbiology). Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Brandao, L.R., Libkind, D., Vaz, A.B., Espírito Santo, L.C., Moliné, M., de García, V., (2011). Yeasts from an
oligotrophic lak e in Patagonia (Argentina) : diversity, distribution and synthesis of photoprotective compounds and extracellular enzymes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 76, 1-13.
Carrasco, M., Villarreal, P., Barahona, S., Alcaíno, J., Cifuentes, V. and Baeza, M. (2016). Screening and
characterization of amylase and cellulase activities in psychrotolerant yeasts. BMC Microbiology, 16(21), DOI 10.1186/s12866-016-0640-8.
Chanklan, R., Kungkaew, P., Am-In, S. & Jindamorakot, S. (2012). Diversity of yeasts in the Nature Education
Center for mangrove Conservation and Ecotourism, Chonburi Province. Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 1(3), 155-168. (in Thai)
George, S.P., Ahmad, A. and Rao, M.B. (2001). Studies on carboxy methyl cellulose produced by an
Alkalothermophilic actinomycete. Bioresource Technology, 77(2), 171–175.
Heldt, H.M.and Heldt, F. (2005). Plant Biochemistry, 3rd edition. Elsevier. Amsterdam.
Hermansyah, N. and Wiraningsih, M. (2016). Bioethanol production from cellulose by Candida tropicalis,
as an alternative microbial agent to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. Sriwijaya Journal of Environment, 1(1), 10-13.
Jamai, L. and Ettayebi, M. (2013). Bioethanol production process using the non-conventional yeast Candida
tropicalis. 2013 International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), 477-481. Retrieved March 20, 2017, from IEEE Xplore.
Kaewwichian, R. (2009). Diversity of yeast in forest soil in the north eastern part of Thailand and their ability in
degradation of organic compounds. Master of Science (Microbiology). Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Kurtzman, C.P. and Robnett, C.J. (1998). Identification and phylogeny of ascomycetous yeasts from analysis
of nuclear large subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA partial sequences. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 73,
331-371.
Kurtzman, C.P., Fell, J.W. and Boekhout, T. (2011). The Yeasts : A Taxonomic Study, 5th edition. Elsevier:
Amsterdam.
Lachance, M. A., Bowles, J. M. Starmer, W. T. and Baker, S. F. 1999. Kodamaea kadaduensis and Candida
tolerans, two new ascomycetous yeast species from Australian Hibiscus flowers. Can J Microbiol, 45,172–177.
Limtong, S. and Yongmanitchai, W. (2010). Candida chanthaburiensis sp. nov., Candida kungkrabaensis sp.
nov. and Candida suratensis sp. nov., three novel yeast species from decaying plant materials submerged in water of mangrove forests. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 98, 379-388.
Limtong, S., Yongmanitchai, W., Kawasaki, H. and Seki, T. (2007). Candida thaimueangensis sp. nov., an
anamorphic yeast species from estuarine water in a mangrove forest in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 57, 650-653.
Limtong, S., Youngmanitchai, W., Kawasaki, H. and Seki, T. (2008). Candida phangngensis sp. nov.,
an anamorphic yeast species in the Yarrowia clade, isolated from water in mangrove forests in
Phang - Nga Province, Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 58, 515-519.
Nakase, T., Jindamorakot, S. Am-In, S. Potacharoen, W., and Tanticharoen, M. (2006). Yeast biodiversity in
tropical forests of Asia. In Rosa, C. A., Peter, G. (Eds.), Biodiversity and Ecophysiology of Yeasts. Springer: Germany, 441-460.
Prasatsri, K. (2006). Identification of Yeast isolated from organic matter in mangrove forest by conventional
and molecular taxonomy. Master of Science (Microbiology). Kasetsart University. (in Thai)
Sinjaroonsak, S. (2011). Production of cellulose and xylanase by Bacillus subtilis and application for oil
separation from palm oil mill effluent. Master of Science in Biotechnology. Prince of Songkla University. (in Thai)
Soetarto, E.S. (1998). Xylan degrading enzymes of the yeast Candida tropicalis strain R1. Indonesian
Journal of Biotechnology, 173-179.
Sulman, S. and Rehman, A. (2013). Isolation and characterization of cellulose degrading Candida tropicalis
W2 from environmental samples. Pakistan J Zool, 45(3), 809-816.
Sumpradit, T. (2009). Yeast diversity in soils collected in the Hill Evergreen Forest and the Pine Forest
of Nam Nao National Park. Complete report sponsored by Medical science, Naresuan University.
(in Thai)
Thongekkaew, J., Khumsap, A. and Chatsanga, P. (2012). Yeasts in mixed deciduous forest areas of Phujong
Nayoy National Park and their ability to produce xylanase and carboxymethyl cellulase. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol, 34(2), 157-163.
Thongekkaew, J. and Kongsanthia, J. (2016). Screening and identification of cellulase producing yeast from Rongkho Forest, Ubon Ratchathani University. Bioengineering and Bioscience, 4(3), 29-33.
Tran T. N. N. (2014). Isolation and screening of aerobic microorganisms that produce pectinase and
cellulase from cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao). B.S.Thesis, Vietnam National University Hochimine
City International University.
Witkowska, D. and Piegza, M. (2006). Capability of Geotrichum candidum yeasts for cellulases and
xylanases. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, Retrieved December 10, 2014,
from http://www.ejpau.media.pl/ volume9/issue4/art-41.html.
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2017-08-08
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