Paleoclimatic Assessment Based on Palynological and Organic Geochemical Proxies in Lake Sediments in Thailand
Abstract
Proxies in lake sediment study in Thailand have been here summarized and discussed. Palynology and organic geochemistry are commonly used to reconstruct the past climate. The pollen and spore records provide the information of plant diversity and also vegetation dynamics in regarding to the climate change. However, this approach has several limitations mainly caused by the differences in pollen production, dispersion, preservation and identification. Total organic carbon, carbon and nitrogen ratio, carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios are the indicator of abundance and origin of organic matters reflected lake level and runoff fluctuation. Since the organic matters have been altered and decomposed by microbial activities through time, environmental assessment based of organic geochemical proxies are complicate. Therefore to compare with the other proxies and to understand the present conditions of the lake are necessitated in order to reduce uncertainty in the past climate reconstruction. Keywords : lake sediment, proxy, palynology, geochemistry, organic matterReferences
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Burke, L. 2014. The vegetation history of Northeast Thailand. M.Phil. Thesis. Queen’s University Belfast, UK, 126 pp.
Chabangborn, A., Brandefelt, J., & Wohlfarth, B. (2014). Asian monsoon climate during the Last Glacial Maximum: palaeo-data–model comparisons. Boreas, 43, 220-242.
Chabangborn, A., & Wohlfarth, B. (2014). Climate over mainland Southeast Asia 10.5–5 ka. Journal of Quaternary Science, 29, 445-454.
Chawchai, S., Chabangborn, A., Kylander, M., Löwemark, L., Mörth, C.M., Blaauw, M., Klubseang, W., Reimer, P.J., Fritz, S.C., & Wohlfarth, B. (2013). Lake Kumphawapi – an archive of Holocene palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic changes in northeast Thailand. Quaternary Science Reviews, 68, 59-75.
Chawchai, S., Chabangborn, A., Fritz, S., Väliranta, M., Mörth, C.-M., Blaauw, M., Reimer, P.J., Krusic, P.J., Löwemark, & L., Wohlfarth, B., (2015). Hydroclimatic shifts in northeast Thailand during the last two millennia – the record of Lake Pa Kho. Quaternary Science Reviews 111, 62-71.
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Kealhofer, L., & Penny, D. (1998). A combined pollen and phytolith record for fourteen thousand years of vegetation change in northeastern Thailand. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 103, 83-93.
Last, W.M. & Smol, J.P. (2001). An Introduction to Basin Analysis, Coring, and Chronological Techniques Used in Paleolimnology, in: Last, W.M., Smol, J.P. (Eds.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Basin Analysis, Coring, and Chronological Techniques (pp. 1-5). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Liu, W., Xiahong, Feng, Y., Ning, Q., Zhang, Y., Cao, Z., & An, N. (2005). δ13C variation of C3 and C4 plants across an Asian monsoon rainfall gradient in arid northwestern China. Global Change Biology 11, 1094-1100.
Lu, H., Liu, Z., Wu, N., BernÉ, S., Saito, Y., Liu, B. & Wang, L.U.O. (2002). Rice domestication and climatic change: phytolith evidence from East China. Boreas, 31, 378-385.
Maloney, B.K. (1996). A 10,600 year pollen record from Nong Thale Song Hong, Trang Province, South Thailand. Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association Bulletin, 18, 129-137.
Meyers, P.A., & Ishiwatari, R. (1993). Lacustrine organic geochemistry—an overview of indicators of organic matter sources and diagenesis in lake sediments. Organic Geochemistry, 20, 867-900.
Meyers, P.A., & Teranes, J.L. (2001). “Sediment Organic Matter.” In: Last, W.M., Smol, J.P. (Ed.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Physical and Geochemical Methods (pp. 239-269). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Penny, D., (1998). Late Quaternary palaeoenvironments in the Sakon Nakhon basin, north-east Thailand. Unpublished PhD thesis. School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash university, Melbourne, Australia, 260 pp.
Penny, D. (2001). A 40,000 year palynological record from north-east Thailand; implications for biogeography and palaeo-environmental reconstruction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 171, 97-128.
Penny, D., & Kealhofer, L. (2005). Microfossil evidence of land-use intensification in north Thailand. Journal of Archaeological Science, 32, 69-82.
Rugmai W. (2006). The paleoenvironmental and vegetation change during the late Quaternary period of southern Thailand from the palynological record. PhD Thesis, Department of Environmental Biology, Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand.
Verellen, J.E.F., Dessein, S., Razafimandimbison, S.G., Smets, E., & Huysmans, S., 2007. Pollen morphology of the tribes Naucleeae and Hymenodictyeae (Rubiaceae – Cinchonoideae) and its phylogenetic significance. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 153, 329-341.
White, J.C., Penny, D., Kealhofer, L., & Maloney, B., 2004. Vegetation changes from the late Pleistocene through the Holocene from three areas of archaeological significance in Thailand. Quaternary International, 113, 111-132.
Whitlock, C. & Larsen, C. (2001). Charcoal as a Fire Proxy, in: Smol, J.P., Birks, H.J.B., Last, W.M., Bradley, R.S., Alverson, K. (Eds.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Terrestrial, Algal, and Siliceous Indicators (pp. 75-97). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Wohlfarth, B., Klubseang, W., Inthongkaew, S., Fritz, S.C., Blaauw, M., Reimer, P.J., Chabangborn, A., Löwemark, L., & Chawchai, S. (2012). Holocene environmental changes in northeast Thailand as reconstructed from a tropical wetland. Global and Planetary Change, 92–93, 148-161.
Bennett, K.D. & Willis, K.J. (2001). “Pollen.” In: Smol, J.P., Birks, H.J.B., Last, W.M., Bradley, R.S., & Alverson, K. (Eds.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Terrestrial, Algal, and Siliceous Indicators (pp. 5-32). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Brewer, S., Guiot, J., Barboni, D., Elias, S.A., & Mock, C.J. (2013). “Pollen methods and studies | Use of pollen as climate proxies.” In: Elias, S.A. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science (Second Edition) (pp. 805-815). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Burke, L. 2014. The vegetation history of Northeast Thailand. M.Phil. Thesis. Queen’s University Belfast, UK, 126 pp.
Chabangborn, A., Brandefelt, J., & Wohlfarth, B. (2014). Asian monsoon climate during the Last Glacial Maximum: palaeo-data–model comparisons. Boreas, 43, 220-242.
Chabangborn, A., & Wohlfarth, B. (2014). Climate over mainland Southeast Asia 10.5–5 ka. Journal of Quaternary Science, 29, 445-454.
Chawchai, S., Chabangborn, A., Kylander, M., Löwemark, L., Mörth, C.M., Blaauw, M., Klubseang, W., Reimer, P.J., Fritz, S.C., & Wohlfarth, B. (2013). Lake Kumphawapi – an archive of Holocene palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic changes in northeast Thailand. Quaternary Science Reviews, 68, 59-75.
Chawchai, S., Chabangborn, A., Fritz, S., Väliranta, M., Mörth, C.-M., Blaauw, M., Reimer, P.J., Krusic, P.J., Löwemark, & L., Wohlfarth, B., (2015). Hydroclimatic shifts in northeast Thailand during the last two millennia – the record of Lake Pa Kho. Quaternary Science Reviews 111, 62-71.
Cook, C.G., & Jones, R.T. (2012). Palaeoclimate dynamics in continental Southeast Asia over the last ~ 30,000 Cal yrs BP. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 339–341, 1-11.
Cruz, R.V., Harasawa, H., Lal, M., Wu, S., Anokhin, Y., Punsalmaa, B., Honda, Y., Jafari, M., Li, C., & Huu Ninh, N. (2007). “Asia.” In: M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden, & C.E. Hanson (Eds.), Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (pp. 469-506), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
IPCC (2012). “Summary for policymakers. In: Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation.” In: Field, C.B., Barros, V., Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Dokken, D.J., Ebi, K.L., Mastrandrea, M.D., Mach, K.J., Plattner, G.K., Allen, S.K., Tignor, M., & Midgley, P.M. (Eds.), A special report of working groups I and II of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (pp. 1-19), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kealhofer, L., & Penny, D. (1998). A combined pollen and phytolith record for fourteen thousand years of vegetation change in northeastern Thailand. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 103, 83-93.
Last, W.M. & Smol, J.P. (2001). An Introduction to Basin Analysis, Coring, and Chronological Techniques Used in Paleolimnology, in: Last, W.M., Smol, J.P. (Eds.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Basin Analysis, Coring, and Chronological Techniques (pp. 1-5). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Liu, W., Xiahong, Feng, Y., Ning, Q., Zhang, Y., Cao, Z., & An, N. (2005). δ13C variation of C3 and C4 plants across an Asian monsoon rainfall gradient in arid northwestern China. Global Change Biology 11, 1094-1100.
Lu, H., Liu, Z., Wu, N., BernÉ, S., Saito, Y., Liu, B. & Wang, L.U.O. (2002). Rice domestication and climatic change: phytolith evidence from East China. Boreas, 31, 378-385.
Maloney, B.K. (1996). A 10,600 year pollen record from Nong Thale Song Hong, Trang Province, South Thailand. Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association Bulletin, 18, 129-137.
Meyers, P.A., & Ishiwatari, R. (1993). Lacustrine organic geochemistry—an overview of indicators of organic matter sources and diagenesis in lake sediments. Organic Geochemistry, 20, 867-900.
Meyers, P.A., & Teranes, J.L. (2001). “Sediment Organic Matter.” In: Last, W.M., Smol, J.P. (Ed.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Physical and Geochemical Methods (pp. 239-269). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Penny, D., (1998). Late Quaternary palaeoenvironments in the Sakon Nakhon basin, north-east Thailand. Unpublished PhD thesis. School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash university, Melbourne, Australia, 260 pp.
Penny, D. (2001). A 40,000 year palynological record from north-east Thailand; implications for biogeography and palaeo-environmental reconstruction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 171, 97-128.
Penny, D., & Kealhofer, L. (2005). Microfossil evidence of land-use intensification in north Thailand. Journal of Archaeological Science, 32, 69-82.
Rugmai W. (2006). The paleoenvironmental and vegetation change during the late Quaternary period of southern Thailand from the palynological record. PhD Thesis, Department of Environmental Biology, Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand.
Verellen, J.E.F., Dessein, S., Razafimandimbison, S.G., Smets, E., & Huysmans, S., 2007. Pollen morphology of the tribes Naucleeae and Hymenodictyeae (Rubiaceae – Cinchonoideae) and its phylogenetic significance. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 153, 329-341.
White, J.C., Penny, D., Kealhofer, L., & Maloney, B., 2004. Vegetation changes from the late Pleistocene through the Holocene from three areas of archaeological significance in Thailand. Quaternary International, 113, 111-132.
Whitlock, C. & Larsen, C. (2001). Charcoal as a Fire Proxy, in: Smol, J.P., Birks, H.J.B., Last, W.M., Bradley, R.S., Alverson, K. (Eds.), Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments: Terrestrial, Algal, and Siliceous Indicators (pp. 75-97). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Wohlfarth, B., Klubseang, W., Inthongkaew, S., Fritz, S.C., Blaauw, M., Reimer, P.J., Chabangborn, A., Löwemark, L., & Chawchai, S. (2012). Holocene environmental changes in northeast Thailand as reconstructed from a tropical wetland. Global and Planetary Change, 92–93, 148-161.
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2017-01-27
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