Identification of the Critical Indicators for the Establishment of Community-Based Biomass Power Plant Using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Abstract
The campaign of power plant from a renewable energy is a well-thought-out process employed by Thai government to substitute or diminish the dependence on the fossil energy. Many biomass projects have yet come across management problems. A study of critical indicators for establishment of community-based biomass power plant (CBP) is a promising way for approaching practical consideration of biomass power plant projects. This research employed a multi-stage sampling technique which separated the data by locations and business operations. The total of 1,151 questionnaires is collected from the local communities around the seven target areas. The indicators were measured by confirmatory factor analysis for evolving the causal model of CBP establishment. Research findings were as follow: 1) the indicators of community expressed that are information, management participation, the importance of community, biomass communication network, worthiness, and sincerely support; 2) the indicators of technology expressed that are the optimized technology, innovation, and technology transfer; 3)the indicators of biomass residue expressed that are the available biomass residue, long term contract, the financial subsidization, low cost cultivation, the additional income, and the location of CBP; and 4) the indicators of government support stated that are research and development, the participation of government, policy for establishment, and interest condition. The results fitted with the empirical data at 0.05 statistically significant level. Keywords : biomass power plant, community, confirmatory factor analysis, indicator, structural equation modelReferences
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Caserini, S., Livio, S., Giugliano, M., and Rigamonti, L. (2010). LCA of domestic and centralized biomass combustion: The case of Lombardy (Italy). Biomass and Bioenergy, 34(4), 474-482.
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Energy Regulatory Commission. (2014). SPP/VSPP database. Retrieved July 14, 2015, from http://www.erc.or.th/ ERCSPP/default.aspx?x=0&muid=23&prid=41 (in Thai)
Farooq, M.K., and Kumar, S. (2013). An assessment of renewable energy potential for electricity generation in Pakistan. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 20, 240-254.
Fukuda, S. (2014). Biomass for energy. Horizon, 4(3), 35-37. (in Thai)
Haruethaithanasan, M. (2014). Biomass for energy. Horizon, 4(3), 39-41. (in Thai)
Huda, A.S.N., Mekhilef, S., and Ahsan, A. (2014). Biomass energy in Bangladesh: Current status and prospects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 30, 504-517.
Kaiwan, Y. (2013). Analysis of Structural Equation Model by AMOS program. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University. (in Thai)
Kautto, N., Arasto, A., Sijm, J., and Peck, P. (2012). Interaction of the EU ETS and national climate policy instruments-Impact on biomass use. Biomass and Bioenergy, 38, 117-127.
Keirstead, J., Samsatli, N., Pantaleo, A.M. and Shah, N. (2012). Evaluating biomass energy strategies for a UK eco-town with an MILP optimization model. Biomass and Bioenergy, 39, 306-316.
Kirkels AF, Verbong GPJ. (2011). Biomass gasification: Still promising? A 30-year global overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(1), 471-481.
Klevas, V., Streimikiene, D., and Kleviene, A. (2009). Sustainability assessment of the energy projects implementation in regional scale. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(1), 155-166.
Mongkoldhumrongkul, K. and Thanarak, P. (2015) Opportunities and constraints for establishment of Community Based Biomass Power Plant. In Proceeding of the 8th Thailand Renewable Energy for Community Conference. (pp. 27-29). Prathumthani.
Nakata T, Silva D, and Rodionov M. (2011). Application of energy system models for designing a low-carbon society. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 37(4), 462-502.
Pedroli, B., Elbersen, B., Frederiksen, P., Grandin, U., Heikkila, R., Krogh, P.H., (2013). Is energy cropping in Europe compatible with biodiversity? Opportunities and threats to biodiversity from land-based production of biomass for energy proposes. Biomass and Bioenergy, 55,73-86.
Phoochinda, W. (2011). Protocol of energy management in Alternative Energy Power Plant. Research Report. Bangkok: National Institute of Development Administration. (in Thai)
Upham, P., Riesch, H., Tomei, J., and Thornley, P. (2011). The sustainability of forestry biomass supply for EU bioenergy: A post-normal approach to environmental risk and uncertainty. Environmental Science and Policy, 14(5), 510-518.
Vanichbuncha, K. (2013). Analysis of Structural Equation Model by AMOS. Bangkok: Samladda. (in Thai)
Yamane, T. (1973). Statistics: an Introductory Analysis (18th ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
Zhen-yu Zhao, Z.Y. and Yan, Y. (2012). Assessment of the biomass power generation industry in China. Renewable Energy, 37(1), 53-60.
Carneiro, P. and Ferreira, P. (2012). The economic, environmental and strategic value of biomass. Renewable Energy, 44, 17-22.
Caserini, S., Livio, S., Giugliano, M., and Rigamonti, L. (2010). LCA of domestic and centralized biomass combustion: The case of Lombardy (Italy). Biomass and Bioenergy, 34(4), 474-482.
Chrometzka, T. (2013). Community-based biomass power beacon project in Khon Kaen province. In Renewable Energy Asia 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2015, from http://news.ubmthailand.com/Newsletter/2013/EPA/ Files/SessionV/05-Presentation_Thomas%20Chrometzka.pdf
DEDE: Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency. (2014). Community power plant. Retrieved May 25, 2015, from http://www.dede.go.th/ewt_w3c/ewt_news.php?nid=475 (in Thai)
DEDE: Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency. (2015a). Thailand Alternative Energy Situation 2015. Retrieved November 14, 2016, from http://www.dede.go.th/download/state_59/Thailand %20alternative%20energy%202015.pdf (in Thai)
DEDE: Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency. (2015b). Alternative Energy Development Plan: AEDP2015. Retrieved November 14, 2016, from http:// http://www.dede.go.th/download/files/AEDP 2015_Final_version.pdf (in Thai)
E for E: Energy for Environment Foundation. (2012). Guideline for promoting community based biomass power plant. Retrieved December 18, 2015, from http://www.efe.or.th/datacenter/ckupload/files/Board%20% E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99-p2.pdf (in Thai)
Energy Regulatory Commission. (2014). SPP/VSPP database. Retrieved July 14, 2015, from http://www.erc.or.th/ ERCSPP/default.aspx?x=0&muid=23&prid=41 (in Thai)
Farooq, M.K., and Kumar, S. (2013). An assessment of renewable energy potential for electricity generation in Pakistan. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 20, 240-254.
Fukuda, S. (2014). Biomass for energy. Horizon, 4(3), 35-37. (in Thai)
Haruethaithanasan, M. (2014). Biomass for energy. Horizon, 4(3), 39-41. (in Thai)
Huda, A.S.N., Mekhilef, S., and Ahsan, A. (2014). Biomass energy in Bangladesh: Current status and prospects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 30, 504-517.
Kaiwan, Y. (2013). Analysis of Structural Equation Model by AMOS program. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University. (in Thai)
Kautto, N., Arasto, A., Sijm, J., and Peck, P. (2012). Interaction of the EU ETS and national climate policy instruments-Impact on biomass use. Biomass and Bioenergy, 38, 117-127.
Keirstead, J., Samsatli, N., Pantaleo, A.M. and Shah, N. (2012). Evaluating biomass energy strategies for a UK eco-town with an MILP optimization model. Biomass and Bioenergy, 39, 306-316.
Kirkels AF, Verbong GPJ. (2011). Biomass gasification: Still promising? A 30-year global overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15(1), 471-481.
Klevas, V., Streimikiene, D., and Kleviene, A. (2009). Sustainability assessment of the energy projects implementation in regional scale. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(1), 155-166.
Mongkoldhumrongkul, K. and Thanarak, P. (2015) Opportunities and constraints for establishment of Community Based Biomass Power Plant. In Proceeding of the 8th Thailand Renewable Energy for Community Conference. (pp. 27-29). Prathumthani.
Nakata T, Silva D, and Rodionov M. (2011). Application of energy system models for designing a low-carbon society. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 37(4), 462-502.
Pedroli, B., Elbersen, B., Frederiksen, P., Grandin, U., Heikkila, R., Krogh, P.H., (2013). Is energy cropping in Europe compatible with biodiversity? Opportunities and threats to biodiversity from land-based production of biomass for energy proposes. Biomass and Bioenergy, 55,73-86.
Phoochinda, W. (2011). Protocol of energy management in Alternative Energy Power Plant. Research Report. Bangkok: National Institute of Development Administration. (in Thai)
Upham, P., Riesch, H., Tomei, J., and Thornley, P. (2011). The sustainability of forestry biomass supply for EU bioenergy: A post-normal approach to environmental risk and uncertainty. Environmental Science and Policy, 14(5), 510-518.
Vanichbuncha, K. (2013). Analysis of Structural Equation Model by AMOS. Bangkok: Samladda. (in Thai)
Yamane, T. (1973). Statistics: an Introductory Analysis (18th ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
Zhen-yu Zhao, Z.Y. and Yan, Y. (2012). Assessment of the biomass power generation industry in China. Renewable Energy, 37(1), 53-60.
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2017-03-02
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