Influence of KOH Concentration on ZnO/ZnAl2O4 Composite Formation and Its Photocatalytic Activity
Abstract
ZnO/ZnAl2O4 composite particles were synthesized by co-precipitation method by using KOH solution as precipitant. ZnAl2O4 spinel particles formed when precipitating with 0.04 mol KOH solution whereas ZnO/ZnAl2O4 composite particles formed when precipitating with 0.05 and 0.06 mol KOH solution. The calcined samples were characterized with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The optical band gap of samples increased from 3.14 to 3.21 and 3.23 eV when concentration of KOH solution was 0.04, 0.05 and 0.06 mol, respectively. ZnO/ZnAl2O4 composite particles exhibited better photocatalytic efficiency than that of pure ZnAl2O4 spinel particles. ZnO/ZnAl2O4 composite particles prepared with 0.06 mol KOH solution showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency (100%) when illuminated with visible light for 240 min. Keywords : zinc aluminate, composite, co-precipitation, optical property, photocatalytic activityReferences
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Suwanboon, S., Amornpitoksuk, P., & Muensit, N. (2011). Dependence of photocatalytic activity on structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline ZnO powders. Ceramics International, 37(7), 2247-2253.
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Chaudhary, A., Mohammad, A., & Mobin, S.M. (2018). Facile synthesis of pure ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles for effective photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Materials Science & Engineering B, 227, 136-144.
Che, H., Liu, L., Che, G., Dong, H., Liu, C., & Li, C. (2019). Control of energy band, layer structure and vacancy defect of graphitic carbon nitride by intercalated hydrogen bond effect of NO3– toward improving photocatalytic performance. Chemical Engineering Journal, 357, 209-219.
Farhadi, S., & Panahandehjoo, S. (2010). Spinel-type zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4) nanoparticles prepared by the co- precipitation method: A novel, green and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the acetylation of amines, alcohols and phenols under solvent-free conditions. Applied Catalysis: General, 382(2), 293-302.
Hassanien, A.S., & Akl, A.A. (2016). Effect of Se addition on optical and electrical properties of chalcogenide
CdSSe thin films. Superlattices and Microstructures, 89, 153-169.
Intarasuwan, K., Amornpitoksuk, P., Suwanboon, S., & Graidist, P. (2017). Photocatalytic dye degradation by ZnO nanoparticles prepared from X2C2O4 (X = H, Na and NH4) and the cytotoxicity of the treated dye
solutions.Separation and Purification Technology, 177, 304-312.
Kirankumar, V.S., & Sumathi, S. (2017). Catalytic activity of bismuth doped zinc aluminate nanoparticles towards environmental remediation. Materials Research Bulletin, 93, 74-82.
Klubnuan, S., Amornpitoksuk, P., & Suwanboon, S. (2015). Structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of MgO/ZnO nanocomposites prepared by a hydrothermal method. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 39, 515-520.
Komahal, F.F., Nagabhushana, H., Basavaraj, R.B., Darshan, G.P., & Prasad, B.D. (2018). Solvothermal synthesis and luminescent properties of hierarchical flowerlike ZnAl2O4:Ho3+ microstructures. Optical Materials, 84, 536-544.
Kumari, P., & Dwivedi, Y. (2016). Structural and photophysical investigations of bright yellow emitting Dy:ZnAl2O4 nanophosphor. Journal of Luminescence, 178, 407-413.
Li, S., Li, Gen, Chen, Q., & Wang, F. (2019). Facile green synthesis of decorated-PVP coated TiO2 nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids,
129, 92-98.
Ma, L., Yang, C., Tian, X., Nie, Y., Zhou, Z., & Li, Y. (2018). Enhanced usage of visible light by BiSex for
photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in water via the tunable band gap and energy band
position. Journal of Cleaner Production, 171, 538-547.
Nguyen, C.H., Fu, C., & Juang, R. (2018). Degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange by palladium-doped TiO2 photocatalysis for water reuse: efficiency and degradation pathways. Journal of Cleaner Production, 202, 413-427.
Shahmirzaee, M., Afarani, M.S., Arabi, A.M., & Nejhad, A.I. (2017). In situ crystallization of ZnAl2O4/ZnO nanocomposite on alumina granule for photocatalytic purification of wastewater. Research on Chemical Intermediates, 43, 321-340.
Stringhini, F.M., Foletto, E.L., Salleta, D., Bertuol, D.A., Chiavone-Filho, O., & Nascimento. C.A.O. (2014).
Synthesis of porous zinc aluminate spinel (ZnAl2O4) by metal-chitosan complexation method.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 588, 305-309.
Sumathi, S., & Kavipriya, A. (2017). Structural, optical and photocatalytic activity of cerium doped zinc aluminate. Solid State Sciences, 65, 52-60.
Suwanboon, S., Amornpitoksuk, P., & Muensit, N. (2011). Dependence of photocatalytic activity on structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline ZnO powders. Ceramics International, 37(7), 2247-2253.
Suwanboon, S., Amornpitoksuk, P., & Randorn, C. (2019). Effect of tartaric acid as a structure-directing agent on different ZnO morphologies and their physical and photocatalytic properties. Ceramics International,
45(2), 2111-2116.
Yuvasravana, R., George, P.P., & Devanna, N. (2017). Synthesis and characterization of spinel metal aluminate by a simple microwave assisted green synthesis. Materials Today: Proceedings, 4(10), 10664-10671.
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2019-09-20
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