Effect of Allelopathy from Piper betle L. Leaves on Seed Germination, Growth, and Physiology of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek)
Abstract
The effect of aqueous leaf-extract from Piper betle L. on germination, growth and physiology of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) were examined. Mung bean seeds were immersed in betel leaf extract at the ratio of dry leave and water of 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/L for 3 days. The results showed the reduction of germination percentage, fresh and dry weight when compared to the control. The higher of the concentration of the extracts resulted the more inhibiting seed germination. The inhibition concentration at 50% seed germination (IC50) was 12.75 mg/mL of extractable from betel dry leaves. The extract at the IC50 was used to determine the sugar, starch, and protein content and also activity of α-amylase. Extract treated seeds showed the reduction of reducing sugar, protein and α-amylase activity when compared to the control. Starch determination in treated seed were higher than the control. The betel leaf extract was also tested to α-amylase and demonstrated that betel leaf extract inhibited α -amylase activity. This might be concluded that the betel leaf extract can inhibited the activity of α-amylase and effected to protein synthesis of tested seeds which might be the causes of seed ungemination. Keywords : allelopathy, Piper betle L., germination physiology, Vigna radiata, α-amylaseReferences
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Ali, A., Chong, C.H., Mah, S.H., Abdullah, L.C., Choong, T.S.Y., & Chua, B.L. (2018). Impact of storage conditions on the stability of predominant phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity of dried Piper betle extracts. Molecules, 23(2).doi:org/10.3390/molecules23020484
Bhat, M., & Yogamoorthi, A. (2018). Allelopathic influence of Tecoma stans (L.) on the seed germination and biochemical changes in Green Gram. International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science., 5(5), 38-48
Bhullar, M., Kaur, T., Kaur, S., & Yadav, R. (2015). Weed management in vegetable and flower crop-based systems. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 47(3), 277-287
Charoenwattana, P. (2007). Antifungal efficiency of Piper betle L. on Aspergillus flavus. Agricultural Science Journal, 36(6), 50-53
Doğan, M.N., Jabran, K., & Unay, A. (2014). Integrated weed management in cotton. In B.S. Chauhan & G. Mahajan (Eds.), Recent Advances in Weed Management (pp. 197-222). New York, NY: Springer New York.
Ferreres, F., Oliveira, A.P., Gil-Izquierdo, A., Valentao, P., & Andrade, P.B. (2014). Piper betle leaves: profiling phenolic compounds by HPLC/DAD-ESI/MSn and anti-cholinesterase activity. Phytochemical Analysis, 25(5), 453-460
Finney, D.J. (1971). Probit Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kato-Noguchi, H., & Macias, F.A. (2005). Effects of 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone on the germination and alpha-amylase activity in lettuce seeds. J Plant Physiol, 162(12), 1304-1307
Kato-Noguchi, H., Thi, H.L., Teruya, T., & Suenaga, K. (2011). Two potent allelopathic substances in cucumber plants. Scientia Horticulturae, 129(4), 894-897
Kingthong, Y., & Phraprasert, P. (2017). Effect of allelopathic from Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. leaves on seed germination, growth, and physiology of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Burapha Science Journal, 22(3), 188-204. (in Thai)
Korres, N.E., Burgos, N.R., Travlos, I., Vurro, M., Gitsopoulos, T.K., Varanasi, V.K., Duke, S.O., Kudsk, P., Brabham, C., Rouse, E., & Salas-Perez, R. (2019). New directions for integrated weed management: Modern technologies, tools and knowledge discovery. Advances in Agronomy, 155, 243-319
Lawrancea, S., Varghesea, S., Varghesea, E.M., Asokb, A.K., & Jisha, M.S. (2019). Quinoline derivatives producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa H6 as an efficient bioherbicide for weed management. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnolog, 18, 101096.doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101096
Lee, S., Lee, J.H., Lee, H., Lee, S., Kim, S.H., Chun, T., & Imm, J. (2011). Effect of mung bean ethanol extract on pro-inflammtory cytokines in LPS stimulated macrophages. Food Science and Biotechnology, 20(2), 519-524.doi:10.1007/s10068-011-0072-z
Madany, M.M.Y., & Saleh, A.M. (2015). Phytotoxicity of Euphorbia helioscopia L. on Triticum aestivum L. and Pisum sativum L. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 60(1), 141-151
Netsawang, P., Wichittrakarn, P., Laosinwattana, C., & M. Teerarak, M. (2013). Effect of leaf extracts from Piperaceae plant on germination and seedling growth of test weeds In The 11” National Plant Protection Conference “Crop Protection in Thailand, Keeping in Step with ASEAN Community”. Thailand: Bangkok., 1447-1454 (in Thai)
Nilugal, K.C., Perumal, K., Ugander, R.E., & Chittor , A.I. (2014). Evaluation of wound healing activity of Piper betle leaves and stem extract in experimental Wistar rats. Am.J. PharmTech Res., 4(3), 276–289
Nouri, L., Nafchi, A.M., & Karim, A.A. (2014). Phytochemical, antioxidant, antibacterial, and alpha-amylase inhibitory properties of different extracts from betel leaves. Industrial Crops and Products, 62, 47-52
Poonpaiboonpipat, T., Pangnakorn, U., Suvunnamek, U., Teerarak, M., Charoenying, P., & Laosinwattana, C. (2013). Phytotoxic effects of essential oil from Cymbopogon citratus and its physiological mechanisms on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Industrial Crops and Products, 41, 403-407
Pradhan, D., Suri, K., Pradhan, D., & Biswasroy, P. (2013). Golden heart of the nature: Piper betle L. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1(6), 147–167
Rice, E.L. (1984). Allelopathy (2 nd ed.). Florida: Academic Press.
Rose, R., Rose, C.L., Omi, S.K., Forry, K.R., Durall, D.M., & Bigg, W.L. (1991). Starch determination by perchloric acid vs enzymes: evaluating the accuracy and precision of six colorimetric methods. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 39(1), 2-11
Woranoot, K., Naree, P., Kongbangkerd, A., Wongkrajang, K., Buaruaeng, R., & Choopayak, C. (2015). Phytotoxic effects of Piper betle L. extracts on germination of Eclipta prostrata L. and Chloris barbata Sw. weeds. NU. International Journal of Science, 12(1), 11-24
Ali, A., Chong, C.H., Mah, S.H., Abdullah, L.C., Choong, T.S.Y., & Chua, B.L. (2018). Impact of storage conditions on the stability of predominant phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity of dried Piper betle extracts. Molecules, 23(2).doi:org/10.3390/molecules23020484
Bhat, M., & Yogamoorthi, A. (2018). Allelopathic influence of Tecoma stans (L.) on the seed germination and biochemical changes in Green Gram. International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science., 5(5), 38-48
Bhullar, M., Kaur, T., Kaur, S., & Yadav, R. (2015). Weed management in vegetable and flower crop-based systems. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 47(3), 277-287
Charoenwattana, P. (2007). Antifungal efficiency of Piper betle L. on Aspergillus flavus. Agricultural Science Journal, 36(6), 50-53
Doğan, M.N., Jabran, K., & Unay, A. (2014). Integrated weed management in cotton. In B.S. Chauhan & G. Mahajan (Eds.), Recent Advances in Weed Management (pp. 197-222). New York, NY: Springer New York.
Ferreres, F., Oliveira, A.P., Gil-Izquierdo, A., Valentao, P., & Andrade, P.B. (2014). Piper betle leaves: profiling phenolic compounds by HPLC/DAD-ESI/MSn and anti-cholinesterase activity. Phytochemical Analysis, 25(5), 453-460
Finney, D.J. (1971). Probit Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kato-Noguchi, H., & Macias, F.A. (2005). Effects of 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone on the germination and alpha-amylase activity in lettuce seeds. J Plant Physiol, 162(12), 1304-1307
Kato-Noguchi, H., Thi, H.L., Teruya, T., & Suenaga, K. (2011). Two potent allelopathic substances in cucumber plants. Scientia Horticulturae, 129(4), 894-897
Kingthong, Y., & Phraprasert, P. (2017). Effect of allelopathic from Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. leaves on seed germination, growth, and physiology of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Burapha Science Journal, 22(3), 188-204. (in Thai)
Korres, N.E., Burgos, N.R., Travlos, I., Vurro, M., Gitsopoulos, T.K., Varanasi, V.K., Duke, S.O., Kudsk, P., Brabham, C., Rouse, E., & Salas-Perez, R. (2019). New directions for integrated weed management: Modern technologies, tools and knowledge discovery. Advances in Agronomy, 155, 243-319
Lawrancea, S., Varghesea, S., Varghesea, E.M., Asokb, A.K., & Jisha, M.S. (2019). Quinoline derivatives producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa H6 as an efficient bioherbicide for weed management. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnolog, 18, 101096.doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101096
Lee, S., Lee, J.H., Lee, H., Lee, S., Kim, S.H., Chun, T., & Imm, J. (2011). Effect of mung bean ethanol extract on pro-inflammtory cytokines in LPS stimulated macrophages. Food Science and Biotechnology, 20(2), 519-524.doi:10.1007/s10068-011-0072-z
Madany, M.M.Y., & Saleh, A.M. (2015). Phytotoxicity of Euphorbia helioscopia L. on Triticum aestivum L. and Pisum sativum L. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 60(1), 141-151
Netsawang, P., Wichittrakarn, P., Laosinwattana, C., & M. Teerarak, M. (2013). Effect of leaf extracts from Piperaceae plant on germination and seedling growth of test weeds In The 11” National Plant Protection Conference “Crop Protection in Thailand, Keeping in Step with ASEAN Community”. Thailand: Bangkok., 1447-1454 (in Thai)
Nilugal, K.C., Perumal, K., Ugander, R.E., & Chittor , A.I. (2014). Evaluation of wound healing activity of Piper betle leaves and stem extract in experimental Wistar rats. Am.J. PharmTech Res., 4(3), 276–289
Nouri, L., Nafchi, A.M., & Karim, A.A. (2014). Phytochemical, antioxidant, antibacterial, and alpha-amylase inhibitory properties of different extracts from betel leaves. Industrial Crops and Products, 62, 47-52
Poonpaiboonpipat, T., Pangnakorn, U., Suvunnamek, U., Teerarak, M., Charoenying, P., & Laosinwattana, C. (2013). Phytotoxic effects of essential oil from Cymbopogon citratus and its physiological mechanisms on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Industrial Crops and Products, 41, 403-407
Pradhan, D., Suri, K., Pradhan, D., & Biswasroy, P. (2013). Golden heart of the nature: Piper betle L. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1(6), 147–167
Rice, E.L. (1984). Allelopathy (2 nd ed.). Florida: Academic Press.
Rose, R., Rose, C.L., Omi, S.K., Forry, K.R., Durall, D.M., & Bigg, W.L. (1991). Starch determination by perchloric acid vs enzymes: evaluating the accuracy and precision of six colorimetric methods. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 39(1), 2-11
Woranoot, K., Naree, P., Kongbangkerd, A., Wongkrajang, K., Buaruaeng, R., & Choopayak, C. (2015). Phytotoxic effects of Piper betle L. extracts on germination of Eclipta prostrata L. and Chloris barbata Sw. weeds. NU. International Journal of Science, 12(1), 11-24
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2019-09-17
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